Growth Factor-Dependent Proliferation and Invasion of Muscle Satellite Cells Require the Cell-Associated Fibrinolytic System
-
Gabriella Fibbi
Abstract
The process of muscle regeneration in normal and dystrophic muscle depends on locally produced cytokines and growth factors and requires the activity of the urokinase plasminogen activator/urokinase plasminogen activator receptor/plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 system. In this study we tested the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and transforming growth factorβ (TGFβ) on the fibrinolytic pattern of normal and dystrophic satellite cells, their mitogenic and motogenic activities and the dependence of such activities on the cellassociated fibrinolytic system. We have observed that the urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) receptor is weakly upregulated by bFGF in normal satellite cells, while it is strongly upregulated by TGFβ, mainly in dystrophic myoblasts. bFGF upregulated uPA in both normal and dystrophic myoblasts grown in primary culture, while a striking downregulation was observed with TGFβ. TGFβ was the only growth factor able to exceptionally upregulate plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), mainly in dystrophic satellite cells. HGF did not show any activity on the fibrinolytic system. Proliferation and invasion into Matrigel matrices of normal and dystrophic cells occurred regardless of the growth factordependent regulation of the fibrinolytic system. Nevertheless, each growth factor required the efficiency of the constitutive cellassociated fibrinolytic system to operate, as shown by impairment of growth factor activity with antagonists of uPA and of its receptor. Noteworthy, TGFβ induced a dosedependent increase of Matrigel invasion only in dystrophic myoblasts. Since TGFβchallenged dystrophic myoblasts undergo an exceptional upregulation of the receptor and of PAI-1, we propose the possibility that the TGFβinduced fibrinolytic pattern (low urokinase plasminogen activator, high receptor and high PAI-1) may be exploited to promote survival and spreading of transplanted engineered myoblasts in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Copyright © 2002 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
Articles in the same Issue
- Non-Enzymatic Activities of Proteases: From Scepticism to Reality
- The Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor in the Regulation of the Actin Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility
- The Molecular Basis for Anti-Proteolytic and Non-Proteolytic Functions of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type-1: Roles of the Reactive Centre Loop, the Shutter Region, the Flexible Joint Region and the Small Serpin Fragment
- Nervous System Pathology: The Fibrin Perspective
- Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Gene Expression in the Plasminogen Activation System
- Role of Myofibroblasts at the Invasion Front
- Transmodulation of Cell Surface Regulatory Molecules via Ectodomain Shedding
- The Plasminogen Activating System in Periodontal Health and Disease
- Apolipoprotein(a): Structure-Function Relationship at the Lysine-Binding Site and Plasminogen Activator Cleavage Site
- Anti-Invasive Effects of Green Tea Polyphenol EpiGalloCatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG), a Natural Inhibitor of Metallo and Serine Proteases
- Inhibition of Receptor-Dependent Urokinase Signaling by Specific Ser to Glu Substitutions
- Activation of p38 MAP-Kinase and Caldesmon Phosphorylation Are Essential for Urokinase-Induced Human Smooth Muscle Cell Migration
- Growth Factor-Dependent Proliferation and Invasion of Muscle Satellite Cells Require the Cell-Associated Fibrinolytic System
- The Col-1 Module of Human Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2): Structural/Functional Relatedness between Gelatin-Binding Fibronectin Type II Modules and Lysine-Binding Kringle Domains
- Random Peptide Bacteriophage Display as a Probe for Urokinase Receptor Ligands
- Plasmin Produces an E-Cadherin Fragment That Stimulates Cancer Cell Invasion
- The Role of Proteases in Fibronectin Matrix Remodeling in Thyroid Epithelial Cell Monolayer Cultures
- Induction of Fibronectin mRNA by Urokinase- and Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator in Human Skin Fibroblasts: Differential Role of u-PA and t-PA at the Fibronectin Protein Level
- Platelet Activating Factor Inhibits the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Affects Invasiveness and Differentiation in a System of Human Neuroblastoma Clones
- UVA Light Stimulates the Production of Cathepsin G and Elastase-Like Enzymes by Dermal Fibroblasts: A Possible Contribution to the Remodeling of Elastotic Areas in Sun-Damaged Skin
- uPA-Silica-Particles (SP-uPA): A Novel Analytical System to Investigate uPA-uPAR Interaction and to Test Synthetic uPAR Antagonists as Potential Cancer Therapeutics
- Monocyte-Expressed Urokinase Regulates Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration in a Coculture Model
- Distinct Expression Pattern of Two Related Human Proteins Containing Multiple Types of Protease-Inhibitory Modules
- Osteopontin Modulates Prostate Carcinoma Invasive Capacity through RGD-Dependent Upregulation of Plasminogen Activators
- Expression of Matrix Metalloproteases (MMP-2, MT1-MMP) and Their Tissue Inhibitor (TIMP-2) by Rat Sertoli Cells in Culture: Implications for Spermatogenesis
Articles in the same Issue
- Non-Enzymatic Activities of Proteases: From Scepticism to Reality
- The Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor in the Regulation of the Actin Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility
- The Molecular Basis for Anti-Proteolytic and Non-Proteolytic Functions of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type-1: Roles of the Reactive Centre Loop, the Shutter Region, the Flexible Joint Region and the Small Serpin Fragment
- Nervous System Pathology: The Fibrin Perspective
- Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Gene Expression in the Plasminogen Activation System
- Role of Myofibroblasts at the Invasion Front
- Transmodulation of Cell Surface Regulatory Molecules via Ectodomain Shedding
- The Plasminogen Activating System in Periodontal Health and Disease
- Apolipoprotein(a): Structure-Function Relationship at the Lysine-Binding Site and Plasminogen Activator Cleavage Site
- Anti-Invasive Effects of Green Tea Polyphenol EpiGalloCatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG), a Natural Inhibitor of Metallo and Serine Proteases
- Inhibition of Receptor-Dependent Urokinase Signaling by Specific Ser to Glu Substitutions
- Activation of p38 MAP-Kinase and Caldesmon Phosphorylation Are Essential for Urokinase-Induced Human Smooth Muscle Cell Migration
- Growth Factor-Dependent Proliferation and Invasion of Muscle Satellite Cells Require the Cell-Associated Fibrinolytic System
- The Col-1 Module of Human Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2): Structural/Functional Relatedness between Gelatin-Binding Fibronectin Type II Modules and Lysine-Binding Kringle Domains
- Random Peptide Bacteriophage Display as a Probe for Urokinase Receptor Ligands
- Plasmin Produces an E-Cadherin Fragment That Stimulates Cancer Cell Invasion
- The Role of Proteases in Fibronectin Matrix Remodeling in Thyroid Epithelial Cell Monolayer Cultures
- Induction of Fibronectin mRNA by Urokinase- and Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator in Human Skin Fibroblasts: Differential Role of u-PA and t-PA at the Fibronectin Protein Level
- Platelet Activating Factor Inhibits the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Affects Invasiveness and Differentiation in a System of Human Neuroblastoma Clones
- UVA Light Stimulates the Production of Cathepsin G and Elastase-Like Enzymes by Dermal Fibroblasts: A Possible Contribution to the Remodeling of Elastotic Areas in Sun-Damaged Skin
- uPA-Silica-Particles (SP-uPA): A Novel Analytical System to Investigate uPA-uPAR Interaction and to Test Synthetic uPAR Antagonists as Potential Cancer Therapeutics
- Monocyte-Expressed Urokinase Regulates Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration in a Coculture Model
- Distinct Expression Pattern of Two Related Human Proteins Containing Multiple Types of Protease-Inhibitory Modules
- Osteopontin Modulates Prostate Carcinoma Invasive Capacity through RGD-Dependent Upregulation of Plasminogen Activators
- Expression of Matrix Metalloproteases (MMP-2, MT1-MMP) and Their Tissue Inhibitor (TIMP-2) by Rat Sertoli Cells in Culture: Implications for Spermatogenesis
