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Electrical Resistivity Studies of Iron-Nitrogen Solid Solutions

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Volume 26, Number 2 April 1
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H, WAGENBLAST and S. ARAJS: Resistivity Studies of Solid Solutions 409 phys. stat. sol. 26, 409 (1968) Subject classification: 14.1; 21.1.1 Edgar O. Bain Laboratory for Fundamental Research, United States Steel Corporation Research Center, Monroeville, Pennsylvania Electrical Resistivity Studies of Iron-Nitrogen Solid Solutions By H. WAGENBLAST and S. ARAJS1) The electrical resistivity of iron-nitrogen solid solutions prepared from high purity iron has been studied as a function of applied longitudinal magnetic fields up to 60 kOe at 4.2 °K. It is demonstrated that the presence of interstitial nitrogen increases the resistivity of iron and alters the shape of resistivity vs. magnetic field curves, particularly at low fields. By extrapolating the data to B = 0, where B is the internal magnetic induction, it has been possible to determine that the residual resistivity contribution per 1 at% nitrogen in solid solution in iron is about 6.1 (xflcm. At 78 °K the value is approximately 7.0 uiicm. Such a large positive deviation from the Matthiessen rule is characteristic for iron alloys with another transition metal as a solute. Magnetoresistivity data of iron-nitrogen solid solu-tions (but not pure iron) very approximately obey the Kohler rule. Die elektrische Leitfähigkeit von aus hochreinem Bisen präparierten Eisen-Stickstoff-Festkörperlösungen wurde in Abhängigkeit von einem longitudinalen Magnetfeld bis 60 kOe bei 4,2 °K untersucht. Es wird gezeigt, daß Stickstoff auf Zwischengitterplatz den Wider-stand von Eisen erhöht und die Form der Widerstands-Magnetfeldkurve besonders bei niedrigen Feldern, ändert. Durch Extrapolation der Werte zu B = 0, wobei B die innere magnetische Induktion bedeutet, war es möglich, den Restwiderstandsbeitrag pro 1 at% Stickstoff in Festkörperlösung in Eisen zu etwa 6,1 (iilcm zu bestimmen. Bei 78 °K beträgt dieser Wert näherungsweise 7,0 [xflcm. Derartig hohe positive Abweichungen von der Matthiesschen Regel sind für Eisenlegierungen mit einem anderen Übergangsmetall als ge-lösten Stoff charakteristisch. Die Werte der Magnetowiderstandsänderung von Eisen-Stickstoff-Festkörperlösungen (nicht jedoch für reines Eisen) folgen nur sehr näherungs-weise der Kohlerschen Regel. 1. Introduction Recently we have initiated extensive studies of the electrical resistivity of different binary iron-base alloys [1], These studies are being done pimarily at 4.2 °K, because at this temperature the electron-phonon scattering is almost negligible, and thus it is possible to explore the electron scattering from the different types of impurity atoms. Such information is not only of importance for correlating the role of impurities on different physical properties of iron, but also has value for providing a better scale for evaluating the over-all purity of iron. Although some scattered data on the electron-impurity atom electrical resistivity exist for alloys in which the impurity atoms are located substitutionally, such information concerning the effect of interstitial impurities is extremely limited [2]. Thus, we are not aware of any studies on the electrical resistivity of iron-nitrogen solid solutions at 4.2 °K. For this reason we decided to study this system experimentally, and the results of such an investigation are reported in this paper. l) Now at Clarkson College of Technology, Potsdam, New York.
© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Munich/Boston

H, WAGENBLAST and S. ARAJS: Resistivity Studies of Solid Solutions 409 phys. stat. sol. 26, 409 (1968) Subject classification: 14.1; 21.1.1 Edgar O. Bain Laboratory for Fundamental Research, United States Steel Corporation Research Center, Monroeville, Pennsylvania Electrical Resistivity Studies of Iron-Nitrogen Solid Solutions By H. WAGENBLAST and S. ARAJS1) The electrical resistivity of iron-nitrogen solid solutions prepared from high purity iron has been studied as a function of applied longitudinal magnetic fields up to 60 kOe at 4.2 °K. It is demonstrated that the presence of interstitial nitrogen increases the resistivity of iron and alters the shape of resistivity vs. magnetic field curves, particularly at low fields. By extrapolating the data to B = 0, where B is the internal magnetic induction, it has been possible to determine that the residual resistivity contribution per 1 at% nitrogen in solid solution in iron is about 6.1 (xflcm. At 78 °K the value is approximately 7.0 uiicm. Such a large positive deviation from the Matthiessen rule is characteristic for iron alloys with another transition metal as a solute. Magnetoresistivity data of iron-nitrogen solid solu-tions (but not pure iron) very approximately obey the Kohler rule. Die elektrische Leitfähigkeit von aus hochreinem Bisen präparierten Eisen-Stickstoff-Festkörperlösungen wurde in Abhängigkeit von einem longitudinalen Magnetfeld bis 60 kOe bei 4,2 °K untersucht. Es wird gezeigt, daß Stickstoff auf Zwischengitterplatz den Wider-stand von Eisen erhöht und die Form der Widerstands-Magnetfeldkurve besonders bei niedrigen Feldern, ändert. Durch Extrapolation der Werte zu B = 0, wobei B die innere magnetische Induktion bedeutet, war es möglich, den Restwiderstandsbeitrag pro 1 at% Stickstoff in Festkörperlösung in Eisen zu etwa 6,1 (iilcm zu bestimmen. Bei 78 °K beträgt dieser Wert näherungsweise 7,0 [xflcm. Derartig hohe positive Abweichungen von der Matthiesschen Regel sind für Eisenlegierungen mit einem anderen Übergangsmetall als ge-lösten Stoff charakteristisch. Die Werte der Magnetowiderstandsänderung von Eisen-Stickstoff-Festkörperlösungen (nicht jedoch für reines Eisen) folgen nur sehr näherungs-weise der Kohlerschen Regel. 1. Introduction Recently we have initiated extensive studies of the electrical resistivity of different binary iron-base alloys [1], These studies are being done pimarily at 4.2 °K, because at this temperature the electron-phonon scattering is almost negligible, and thus it is possible to explore the electron scattering from the different types of impurity atoms. Such information is not only of importance for correlating the role of impurities on different physical properties of iron, but also has value for providing a better scale for evaluating the over-all purity of iron. Although some scattered data on the electron-impurity atom electrical resistivity exist for alloys in which the impurity atoms are located substitutionally, such information concerning the effect of interstitial impurities is extremely limited [2]. Thus, we are not aware of any studies on the electrical resistivity of iron-nitrogen solid solutions at 4.2 °K. For this reason we decided to study this system experimentally, and the results of such an investigation are reported in this paper. l) Now at Clarkson College of Technology, Potsdam, New York.
© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Munich/Boston

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Contents 385
  3. Original Papers
  4. Consistent Treatment of Symmetry in the Tight Binding Approximation 391
  5. Electrical Resistivity Studies of Iron-Nitrogen Solid Solutions 409
  6. Statistics of Inter-Impurity Recombination of Electrons and Holes in Semiconductors 419
  7. Neutron Diffraction Studies of α-FeOOH 429
  8. Ferromagnetic Resonance Measurements of Magnesium-Manganese Ferrite Films 435
  9. The Temperature Dependence of the Paramagnetic Susceptibility of Ni-I Boracite 443
  10. Notes on a Valence Electron Model of Atoms 447
  11. Thermal Capacity of Solid Nitrogen 453
  12. Magnetic Space Groups and their Irreducible Representations 461
  13. X-Ray Dynamical Contrast of a Planar Defect 469
  14. Slip Line Pattern and Active Slip Systems of Tungsten and Molybdenum Single Crystals Weakly Deformed in Tension at Room Temperature 485
  15. Critical Exponents in the Dynamics of an Isotropic Magnetic System near its Transition Temperature 501
  16. Excitonic Effects in the Electro-Absorption of Semiconductors 509
  17. Nonlinear Polarisation of an Impurity Crystal 519
  18. Die Bestimmung der Austrittstiefe von Photoelektronen in Caesium-Antimon-Schichten 527
  19. The Ionic Conductivity of CsCl Doped with K+, Rb+, and Br- 537
  20. Die Elektrolumineszenzeigenschaften von ZnS-Cu in Abhängigkeit von der Art des Koaktivators 543
  21. A Possibility for Band Structure Determination: Intraband and Donor-Band Transitions of Crystal Electrons in High Electric Fields 551
  22. Planar Hall Effect in Ferromagnetic Films 565
  23. Direct Observations of Ferroelectric Domains in Lithium Niobate 571
  24. The Fine Structure of Spots in Electron Diffraction Resulting from the Presence of Planar Interfaces and Dislocations 577
  25. Optical Absorption Edge of AlN Single Crystals 591
  26. Determination of the Energy of Conduction States in Anthracene Crystals by Photoemission of Electrons from Sodium 599
  27. Calculation of the Width o! the Second Conduction Band in Anthracene Crystals from Photoemission Data 607
  28. Resistance Anomaly in Palladium-Silver Alloys Containing Rare Earth Impurities 611
  29. Some Unifying Relations for Moving Dislocations 621
  30. One-Band One-Site Model for Crystal Imperfections 639
  31. Zener Relaxation in Silver Solid Solutions 645
  32. Relation between Relaxation Time and Jump Frequencies for Zener Relaxation in Disordered F.C.C. Alloys 653
  33. Radiation Hardening of Neutron-Irradiated Copper Single Crystals 661
  34. Radiation Hardening of Neutron-Irradiated Copper Single Crystals 671
  35. Jahn-Teller-Auf Spaltung einer ESR-Linie 681
  36. Zur Theorie der kooperativen Absorption (Emission) von Licht in Kristallen 693
  37. Influence of Impurities on Dislocation Velocities Controlled by Jog-Dragging 701
  38. Deutung der Anisotropie der galvanomagnetischen Effekte im Tellur durch anisotrope Streuung 709
  39. Sound Wave Velocity Change due to the Magnon-Phonon Interaction 717
  40. Elektronenmikroskopie eingefrorener Versetzungen 725
  41. A Study of Curie Temperatures and the Effect of Carbon in Face-Centered Cubic Iron-Nickel Alloys 743
  42. Die Magnetisierungsverteilung an der Stirnfläche zylindrischer Ferromagnetika mit Anwendungen auf die Keimbildung 751
  43. Two-Electron Correlation in Impurity Centres in Model Potential Approximation 765
  44. Erratum 769
  45. Short Notes
  46. Triboinduzierte Elektronenemission und Lumineszenz an Alkalihalogeniden 775
  47. Direct Observation of Dislocations in Anthracene 779
  48. An Application of Stereo Electron Microscopy to Anomalously Wide Images in Neutron Irradiated Silicon 783
  49. Eine neue Methode der Anregung nichtstrahlender Oberflächenplasmaschwingungen 785
  50. Vanadiummonocarbid mit geordneten Leerstellen 789
  51. Remarks to the Theory of Ferromagnetism of Thin Films 793
  52. Magnetisierung und Spinwellensteifigkeit im Heisenbergmodell für Fe-Al-Legierungen 795
  53. Effect of Phosphorus Admixtures on Viscoelastic Properties of Selenium 799
  54. Self-Trapped Holes in Neutron Irradiated CaF2 and BaF2 Crystals 805
  55. On the Mechanism of Current Carrier Scattering in Some Solid Solutions on the Basis of Lead Telluride 809
  56. Diffusion of Cadmium in Gallium Antimonide 813
  57. Phonon Scattering by Point-Defect Aggregates in AgCl Crystals 817
  58. Slow Temporal Variations of Electron Mobility in Orthorhombic Sulphur 821
  59. Coherent Emission of Free Exoitons in CdSe Crystals 825
  60. Effect of Mechanical Stress on the I-U Characteristic of a GaP p-n Junction 829
  61. Colour Centres in Neutron Irradiated Calcium Oxide 833
  62. Plastic Deformation Effect on the Electronic Properties of Solid Solutions with Localized Magnetic Moments 837
  63. Mollwo-Ivey Relation in Aggregate Defect Centers 841
  64. Hall Effect Measurements in Pulse-Heated Tellurium Single Crystals 845
  65. Photocurrent, Luminescence, and Absorption Saturation for Electron Beam Excitation in CdS 849
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