Some observations on an acrylyl-CoA reductase from Clostridium kluyveri and an NADH-dependent fumarate reductase from Enterobacter agglomerans

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter I
2. Preface V
3. Organising Committee/Local Committee/Acknowledgements IX
4. Contents XI
5. Participants XXXI
6. Flavin Chemistry
7. The influence of hydrogen bond formation with the N(l) atom on the orbital structure of flavin 3
8. Spectral and photochemical properties of alloxazines 17
9. π...π-interactions of flavins : novel coenzyme models of the cyclophane type 21
10. A laser flash photolysis study of the triplet states of lumichromes 25
11. The dark formation of radicals in flavinium cation/acid systems 29
12. ENDOR studies on flavin radicals 33
13. On the role of some flavin adducts as one-electron donors 37
14. Photoinactivation of flavin redox catalysis: the reductive flavin photoadduct formation 41
15. Flavin oxygen chemistry brought to date 45
16. Pulse radiolysis studies on the equilibria between reduced and oxidized free flavin species and the effect of molecular oxygen 57
17. Effect of pH on the oxidation-reduction properties of 8α - imidazole flavins 61
18. Studies of intermediates in reactions of flavins and sulphydryl compounds 67
19. A kinetic study on the acid-catalysed phosphate migration in riboflavin phosphates 71
20. Chemical structure of nekoflavin 75
21. Flavoprotein Structure
22. Binding mode and action of FAD in glutathione reductase 81
23. Active site chemical modification and sequencing of flavoproteins 95
24. Molecular genetic approaches to the study of E. coli flavoproteins 111
25. Glutathione reductase: mutation, cloning and sequence analysis of the gene in E. coli 125
26. The coenzyme binding site of glutathione reductase. Correlation of X-ray studies with kinetic data 139
27. ¹³C-NMR study on the active sites of lipoamide dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase 143
28. X-ray crystallographic studies on lipoamide dehydrogenase from Azotobacter vinelandii 147
29. Mobility of lipoamide dehydrogenase in and out of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex from Azotobacter vinelandii 149
30. Partial amino acid sequence of pig heart lipoamide dehydrogenase 153
31. The amino acid sequence encompassing the active site histidine residue of lipoamide dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli labelled with a bifunctional arsenoxide 157
32. Inactivation of pig heart lipoamide dehydrogenase by 1,3-dibromoacetone 161
33. The evolution of mercuric reductase, and a redox transfer model for mercuric ion detoxification in bacteria 165
34. Structural studies on ferredoxin-NADP⁺ oxidoreductase from Spirulina, a blue-green alga 169
35. The amino acid sequence and partial tertiary structure of ferredoxin-NADP⁺ oxidoreductase from spinach 173
36. On the nature of ferredoxin: ferredoxin-NADP⁺ reductase complex 175
37. Properties of a cross-linked complex between ferredoxin-NADP⁺ reductase and ferredoxin 179
38. On the enigma of old yellow enzyme's spectral properties 183
39. "On the enigma of old yellow enzyme's spectral properties" 191
40. NMR studies on the old yellow enzyme 211
41. Structural and kinetic characteristics of dimethylglycine dehydrogenase and sarcosine dehydrogenase 215
42. Evidence for two spatially distinct domains on each subunit of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 217
43. Structure of NADH-cytochrome b₅ reductase of human erythrocytes 221
44. Structural comparison of the succinate dehydrogenase and fumarate reductase of Escherichia coli 225
45. Lack of assembly of succinate and NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductases in iron-deficient rat skeletal muscle mitochondria 229
46. Crystal structure study of trimethylamine dehydrogenase 233
47. The flavin domain of assimilatory NADH: nitrate reductase from Chlorella vulgaris 247
48. Polarized absorption spectra of flavocytochrome b₂ single crystals 251
49. FMN-protein interactions in flavodoxin from A. nidulans 253
50. Photochemical formation of a stable red derivative of flavodoxin 261
51. Desulfovibrio vulgaris flavodoxin. A ¹³C and ¹⁵N NMR investigation 269
52. ¹³C-NMR study on the interaction of riboflavin with riboflavin-binding protein 273
53. The structure of glycolate oxidase from spinach 277
54. ENDOR studies of flavoproteins 289
55. Resonance Raman study on the complexes of D-amino acid oxidase 291
56. The role of arginines in D-amino acid oxidase 295
57. The effect of the methylation of histidine-217 in pig kidney D-amino acid oxidase on ligand binding and on catalysis 301
58. Stoichiometry of the self-association of D-amino acid oxidase 305
59. ³¹P NMR and chemical studies on the phosphorus residues in milk xanthine oxidase 309
60. Specific modification of NAD⁺ binding site of chicken liver xanthine oxidase with 5' - p - fluoro - sulphonylbenzoyladenosine 319
61. Studies by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of the environment of the metal in the molybdenum cofactor from xanthine oxidase 323
62. Coupling between Mo(V) and reduced Fe/S 1 centres in aldehyde oxidase and xanthine oxidase 325
63. Partial amino acid sequence of L - lactate oxidase from M. smegmatis 331
64. Chemical modification of sulphydryl groups in p - hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase from Pseudomonas fluorescens 335
65. Chemical modification of phenol hydroxylase by p-nitrobenzenes ulphonyl fluoride 339
66. Studies of 2,5-diketocamphane monooxygenase from Pseudomonas putida ATCC 17453 343
67. Recent progress in bioluminescence: cloning of the structural genes encoding bacterial luciferase, analysis of the encoded sequences, and crystallization of the enzyme 345
68. Probing the bacterial luciferase aldehyde site by affinity and photoaffinity labeling 359
69. The catalytic turnover of bacterial luciferase produces a quasi-stable species of altered conformation 371
70. Electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies on heavy riboflavin synthase from Bacillus subtilis 375
71. Heavy riboflavin synthase from Bacillus subtilis. Primary structure and reaggregation of the B subunits 379
72. Enzyme Reaction Mechanisms
73. Mechanism of α,β-dehydrogenation of fatty acid CoA derivatives by flavin enzymes 385
74. Butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase: Aspects of acceptor and substrate specificity 403
75. Oxygen reactivity of butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase from Megasphaera elsdenii and from ox liver mitochondria 413
76. Suicide inactivation of short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases by propionyl-CoA. Formation of a substrate - flavin adduct 417
77. Structure of the flavin N-5 adduct free radical obtained following inhibition of short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase by propionyl-CoA 421
78. Purification and properties of five distinct acyl-CoA dehydrogenases from rat liver mitochondria 435
79. Mechanism of action of short-chain, medium-chain and long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases isolated from rat liver 439
80. Inactivation of pig kidney general acyl-CoA dehydrogenase by 2-alkynoyl-CoA derivatives 443
81. On the inactivation of general acyl-CoA dehydrogenase from pig kidney by methylenecyclopropyl-acetyl-CoA, a metabolite of hypoglycin 447
82. Structure-function correlation in B-oxidation enzymes 451
83. Purification and characterization of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase, electron transfer flavoprotein and ETF-CoQ oxidoreductase from Paracoccus denitrificans 455
84. Reactions of ETF and ETF-CoQ oxidoreductase 459
85. Correlation between redox state of ETF and dehydrogenation of octanoyl-CoA 463
86. Some observations on an acrylyl-CoA reductase from Clostridium kluyveri and an NADH-dependent fumarate reductase from Enterobacter agglomerans 467
87. Characterization of the mode of electron transport of NADPH-adrenodoxin reductase 471
88. Studies on forward and reverse reactions of adrenodoxin reductase by electronic and NMR spectroscopy 485
89. Transient kinetics of ferredoxin-NADP⁺ reductase reaction 489
90. Some new ideas about the possible regulation of redox potentials in flavoprotein, with special reference to flavodoxins 493
91. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase: an imperfect enzyme? 497
92. Probing the catalytic mechanism of glutathione reductase with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulphonate 501
93. Multifunctionality of yeast glutathione reductase 505
94. The reaction between NADPH and mercuric reductase 509
95. Dehydrohalogenation and intermolecular hydrogen transfer reactions catalyzed by some lactate-oxidizing enzymes 513
96. On the mechanism of inactivation of flavocytochrome b₂ (baker's yeast) by acetylenic substrates 527
97. Intermolecular hydrogen transfer during transhydrogenation catalysed by flavocytochrome b₂ and lactate oxidase 529
98. Product binding as modulator of flavin redox parameters: a mechanism of activity control in dehydrogenase-e^-transferase? 531
99. T-jump investigation of intramolecular electron exchanges in Hansenula anomala yeast flavocytochrome b₂, L-lactate-cytochrome c oxidoreductase 535
100. A pulse radiolysis study of flavocytochrome b₂: differences in reactivity with carboxylate radicals between flavin and haem b₂ 539
101. The distribution of reducing equivalents among some species in succinate dehydrogenase upon reduction by succinate 543
102. Ionic species of the flavin and the catalytic cycle of succinate dehydrogenase 547
103. ESR spectroscopic studies of succinate dehydrogenase and fumarate reductase from Escherichia coli 551
104. Fumarate reductase from Escherichia coli requires the frdC and frdD gene products for quinone reductase activity 555
105. Glutamate synthase from Azospirillum brasilense 559
106. Oxidation-reduction properties of glycolate oxidase 565
107. Studies with the flavin-dependent alcohol oxidase from yeast: properties and catalytic mechanism 569
108. Pulse radiolysis studies on the formation and decay of the flavin 4a-hydroperoxide species of glucose oxidase 573
109. E.coli pyruvate oxidase: a hysteretic enzyme 577
110. Mechanism and functionality of FMN in liver pyridoxine (pyridoxamine) 5'-phosphate oxidase 581
111. Enzymatic properties of yeast pyridoxamine-P oxidase 585
112. A photo-labelling reagent of brain pyridoxine-5-P oxidase 589
113. Non-stereospecific reduction of monoamine oxidase from bovine liver by analogs of amphetamine 595
114. The kinetics of NADPH-dependent reduction of FAD and cytochrome b in a solubilised preparation of the superoxide generating oxidase of neutrophils 599
115. Flavoprotein monooxygenases 605
116. The nature of the 4a-hydroperoxyflavin in the mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase 619
117. The effect of pH and ionic strength on the binding of NADPH and NADPH analogues to p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase from Pseudomonas fluorescens: the importance of monopole-monopole and monopole-dipole interactions 623
118. Kinetic mechanism of the reductive half of reaction catalysed by sailcylate hydroxylase 627
119. The pH dependence of enzyme-phenol complexes of phenol hydroxylase 631
120. Differential induction and characterization of flavoprotein hydroxylases in Pseudomonas cepacia 635
121. Steroid monoxygenase from Cylindrocarpon radicicola. An FAD-containing Baeyer-Villiger type oxygenase 639
122. Unusual properties of the flavocytochrome p-cresol methylhydroxylase 643
123. Identification of the luciferase-bound flavin-4a-hydroxide as the primary emitter in the bacterial bioluminescenee reaction 657
124. Studies on the bacterial luciferase reaction: isotope effects on the light emission. Is a "CIEEL" mechanism involved? 669
125. Probes for the active site of bacterial luciferase 673
126. The cellobiose oxidoreductases of Sporotrichum pulverulentum 679
127. The equilibration of reducing equivalents within milk xanthine oxidiase 683
128. Reactions between xanthine oxidase and 4-hydroxy-7-azapteridine 687
129. “Type 1” and “Type 2” rapid and slow EPR signals from the molybdenum centres of molybdenum-containing hydroxylases and their significance 691
130. Re-sulphuration of xanthine oxidase 695
131. Reactivation of desulpho-xanthine oxidase by an enzymatic system 699
132. The existence of desulpho-xanthine dehydrogenase in rat liver 703
133. The structures and catalytic mechanisms of molybdenum centres in enzymes studied by e.p.r and X-ray spectroscopy 707
134. Biochemistry of naturally-occurring deazaflavin coenzymes 723
135. Interaction of the herbicide sulfometuron methyl with acetolactate synthase: a slow-binding inhibitor 737
136. The rate-determining step in pteridine-dependent monooxygenases is not ring cleavage 741
137. The one-electron reduction of riboflavin-binding protein 745
138. Modified Flavins in Flavoproteins
139. 8-azidoflavins: photoaffinity labels for flavoproteins 751
140. Glutathione reductase species containing FAD analogues 755
141. Flavin analogue studies of pig kidney electron transferring flavoprotein 761
142. Chemically modified flavins as probes of phenol hydroxylase structure and function 765
143. 4-thioflavins as active site probes of flavoproteins: reaction with sulphite and formation of 4-hydroxy-4-sulphonylflavins 769
144. Oxygen reactivity of 4-thio-FAD p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase 773
145. Oxygen reactions of para-hydroxy benzoate hydroxylase containing 6-hydroxy-FAD 777
146. The effect of pH and modifications in position 8 on the oxidation of reduced p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase 781
147. Reaction of bacterial luciferase from Vibrio harveyi with 8-substituted flavins 785
148. Biomedical Aspects
149. Intestinal absorption of riboflavin 791
150. Transfer of hydrogen atoms from pentose phosphate to the xylene ring of riboflavin 795
151. Biosynthesis of riboflavin Enzymatic formation of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine 799
152. Cell-free biosynthesis of lipoamide dehydrogenase 803
153. Covalently ¹⁴C-riboflavin-labeled proteins in Arthrobacter oxidans and their possible relationship to 6-hydroxy-D-nicotine oxidase 807
154. Electron immunochemical localization of 6-hydroxy-nicotine oxidases in Arthrobacter oxidans 811
155. Cloning in Escherichia coli of the 6-hydroxy-D-nicotine oxidase gene from Arthrobacter oxidans 815
156. Hydroxylation of riboflavin 7- and 8-methyl groups in mammals 819
157. Mammalian metabolism of flavins 833
158. Flavoenzymes as drug targets 847
159. Studies on Esherichia coli photolyase: role of flavin in DNA repair 861
160. Electron transfer to nitrogenase in K-pneumoniae nifF gene cloned and the gene product, a flavodoxin, purified and partially characterised 875
161. Practical Applications of Flavoprotein Studies
162. In vitro synthesis of (bio)chemicals using flavin-containing enzymes 879
163. Flavin cofactors covalently attached to electron-conducting supports: electrochemical and enzyme activity 893
164. Luminometric determination of immunoadsorbed flavoproteins and of flavin adenine dinucleotide 897
165. Flavins as labels in immunoassays: I. Design and synthesis of flavin labels 899
166. Flavins as labels in immunoassays: II. Properties of flavin labels and their use in immunoassay 903
167. Author Index 907
168. Subject Index 913
169. Backmatter 925