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Chapter 20: Sensation produced in Persia by the Russian Revolution

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Chapter 20: Sensationproducedin Persia by theRussian RevolutionSensationproduced in Persiaby theRussianRevolution.Explosionof sympathyto-wards theBolsheviksandSovietRussia.Recallof RussianTroopsfromPersia.TranscaucasiawantsseparationfromRussia.BritishandRussianTroopopera-tions.Formationof apro-BritishCabinet.BeecherakhoffandGeneral Dunsterville.Arrival of Sir PercyCox andchangeofpolicy.Anglo-PersianAgreementof 1919.TheShahleavesfor Europe. ReactionsagainsttheAgreement.AdvanceofSovietde-tachments.General Ironside.Inow returnto militaryeventsin Persia.OurArmedForces,havingoccupiedQasr-eShirinon thebordersbetween Persiaand Mesopotamia,moved towards Khane-qinafterhavingdrivenbacktheTurks,thusestablishingalinkwithBaghdadwhichhadbeenoccupiedby theBritish.Thisoperation,whileremainingwithinourSphereof Influence, coincidedwiththeoutbreakof theRevolutionin Russiawhichled to thefallof theMonarchyand theestablishmentof aProvisionalGov-ernment.The badnewsfromRussiaspreadin amplifiedformthroughoutPersiacreatingagreatshockduetothe unpredictabilityof theevent.The Persiansbeganto considerwhat impactandinfluencetheseeventsmight have on thefateof their country.The PersianMinisters andOfficialswhovisitedourLegationcongratulatedus on theeventandspokeaboutthenewpossibilitiesof abreak-through in relations,the plausible breakingofold traditionsand reasonable Agree-mentswiththemoredemocratic componentsof Persia,things thatwouldbe likelyforRussiafromnowon.By theway, all thesecharactersor fringes were alignedwithGermanyand Turkey.The officialCommuniquéof theProvisionalGovern-mentto someextentshattered thedreamsof thePersianpatriots.Although theNoteof thenew RussianForeign Minister,Miliukoff,spokeof theRussianintentionto rejecttheconceptof despotismandto taketheroadto freedom,it alsocon-firmedthedesireto continuethewar.Onthe otherhandtheProclamationoftheDelegates of thePetrogradWorkers’Councildemandedall nationsto endthewar,and to theGeneral Orderof theArmytoabolishdisciplineandsubordi-nationto one’ssuperiorsexcitedtheRadicalelementsandthelocalPress.Thisorderrecognized,in Russia,asOrderNo.1ledour Troopsto spontaneouslycreate“Soldier Committees”on all ourfronts,includingPersia, thusfosteringaconfusedunderstandingof the relationshipbetweenSoldier Commitees andOfficersAuthor-ity.https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111383743-024
© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Chapter 20: Sensationproducedin Persia by theRussian RevolutionSensationproduced in Persiaby theRussianRevolution.Explosionof sympathyto-wards theBolsheviksandSovietRussia.Recallof RussianTroopsfromPersia.TranscaucasiawantsseparationfromRussia.BritishandRussianTroopopera-tions.Formationof apro-BritishCabinet.BeecherakhoffandGeneral Dunsterville.Arrival of Sir PercyCox andchangeofpolicy.Anglo-PersianAgreementof 1919.TheShahleavesfor Europe. ReactionsagainsttheAgreement.AdvanceofSovietde-tachments.General Ironside.Inow returnto militaryeventsin Persia.OurArmedForces,havingoccupiedQasr-eShirinon thebordersbetween Persiaand Mesopotamia,moved towards Khane-qinafterhavingdrivenbacktheTurks,thusestablishingalinkwithBaghdadwhichhadbeenoccupiedby theBritish.Thisoperation,whileremainingwithinourSphereof Influence, coincidedwiththeoutbreakof theRevolutionin Russiawhichled to thefallof theMonarchyand theestablishmentof aProvisionalGov-ernment.The badnewsfromRussiaspreadin amplifiedformthroughoutPersiacreatingagreatshockduetothe unpredictabilityof theevent.The Persiansbeganto considerwhat impactandinfluencetheseeventsmight have on thefateof their country.The PersianMinisters andOfficialswhovisitedourLegationcongratulatedus on theeventandspokeaboutthenewpossibilitiesof abreak-through in relations,the plausible breakingofold traditionsand reasonable Agree-mentswiththemoredemocratic componentsof Persia,things thatwouldbe likelyforRussiafromnowon.By theway, all thesecharactersor fringes were alignedwithGermanyand Turkey.The officialCommuniquéof theProvisionalGovern-mentto someextentshattered thedreamsof thePersianpatriots.Although theNoteof thenew RussianForeign Minister,Miliukoff,spokeof theRussianintentionto rejecttheconceptof despotismandto taketheroadto freedom,it alsocon-firmedthedesireto continuethewar.Onthe otherhandtheProclamationoftheDelegates of thePetrogradWorkers’Councildemandedall nationsto endthewar,and to theGeneral Orderof theArmytoabolishdisciplineandsubordi-nationto one’ssuperiorsexcitedtheRadicalelementsandthelocalPress.Thisorderrecognized,in Russia,asOrderNo.1ledour Troopsto spontaneouslycreate“Soldier Committees”on all ourfronts,includingPersia, thusfosteringaconfusedunderstandingof the relationshipbetweenSoldier Commitees andOfficersAuthor-ity.https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111383743-024
© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Acknowledgements VII
  3. Preface IX
  4. Contents XI
  5. List of Illustrations XIII
  6. Introduction 1
  7. Chapter 1: From Enzeli to Tehran 10
  8. Chapter 2: The staff of the Russian Legation 21
  9. Chapter 3: The Anglo-Russian Agreement of 1907 26
  10. Chapter 4: Advice of Mr Sazonoff 33
  11. Chapter 5: Persian dignitaries 38
  12. Chapter 6: The Iranian Cabinet 47
  13. Chapter 7: Negotiations with the British Legation 51
  14. Chapter 8: Relationship between the Shahinshah Bank and the Russian Banque d’Escompte 56
  15. Chapter 9: British Diplomacy 60
  16. Chapter 10: Notice of Sazonoff 63
  17. Chapter 11: Negotiations with the British Legation 66
  18. Chapter 12: The Persian Government on the illegalities committed by Russia 76
  19. Chapter 13: The Anglo-Persian Oil Company 85
  20. Chapter 14: Change in Anglo-Russian Relations 91
  21. Chapter 15: Historical origin of the Moharrem religious celebration 96
  22. Chapter 16: German agitation in Isfahan 103
  23. Chapter 17: Petrograd protests against the activities of the British Legation 110
  24. Chapter 18: My return to Petrograd 118
  25. Chapter 19: Turkish-German propaganda 125
  26. Chapter 20: Sensation produced in Persia by the Russian Revolution 134
  27. Chapter 21: My visit to the Commissariat of Foreign Affairs 142
  28. Chapter 22: The Persian Delegation in Paris 149
  29. Chapter 23: The Soviet-Persian Agreement of 1921 154
  30. Chapter 24: Reza Khan and his reforming activities 159
  31. Chapter 25: Establishment of a Regency 166
  32. Chapter 26: The economic condition and natural wealth of Persia 174
  33. Illustrations 181
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https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111383743-024

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Acknowledgements VII
  3. Preface IX
  4. Contents XI
  5. List of Illustrations XIII
  6. Introduction 1
  7. Chapter 1: From Enzeli to Tehran 10
  8. Chapter 2: The staff of the Russian Legation 21
  9. Chapter 3: The Anglo-Russian Agreement of 1907 26
  10. Chapter 4: Advice of Mr Sazonoff 33
  11. Chapter 5: Persian dignitaries 38
  12. Chapter 6: The Iranian Cabinet 47
  13. Chapter 7: Negotiations with the British Legation 51
  14. Chapter 8: Relationship between the Shahinshah Bank and the Russian Banque d’Escompte 56
  15. Chapter 9: British Diplomacy 60
  16. Chapter 10: Notice of Sazonoff 63
  17. Chapter 11: Negotiations with the British Legation 66
  18. Chapter 12: The Persian Government on the illegalities committed by Russia 76
  19. Chapter 13: The Anglo-Persian Oil Company 85
  20. Chapter 14: Change in Anglo-Russian Relations 91
  21. Chapter 15: Historical origin of the Moharrem religious celebration 96
  22. Chapter 16: German agitation in Isfahan 103
  23. Chapter 17: Petrograd protests against the activities of the British Legation 110
  24. Chapter 18: My return to Petrograd 118
  25. Chapter 19: Turkish-German propaganda 125
  26. Chapter 20: Sensation produced in Persia by the Russian Revolution 134
  27. Chapter 21: My visit to the Commissariat of Foreign Affairs 142
  28. Chapter 22: The Persian Delegation in Paris 149
  29. Chapter 23: The Soviet-Persian Agreement of 1921 154
  30. Chapter 24: Reza Khan and his reforming activities 159
  31. Chapter 25: Establishment of a Regency 166
  32. Chapter 26: The economic condition and natural wealth of Persia 174
  33. Illustrations 181
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