Post-imperial English in Nigeria 1940–1990

Chapters in this book

1. I-VI I
2. Contents VII
3. GENERAL BACKGROUND ISSUES
4. Introduction: Some empirical and theoretical issues 3
5. The international role of English: The state of the discussion 13
6. The ongoing spread of English: A comparative analysis of former Anglo-American colonies with non-colonies 37
7. THE AMERICAN SPHERE OF INFLUENCE
8. English in Cuba: From the imperial design to the imperative need 85
9. The position of English in Mexico: 1940–1993 113
10. Post-imperial English in the Philippines 139
11. English under U.S. sovereignty: Ninety-five years of change of the status of English in Puerto Rico 173
12. The English language in Quebec 1940–1990 205
13. THE EUROPEAN UNION
14. The European Union (EU – formerly European Community): Status change of English during the last fifty years 241
15. THE BRITISH SPHERE OF INFLUENCE
16. A tale of two Englishes: The imperial language in post-colonial Kenya and Uganda 271
17. English in South Africa 1940–1996 303
18. English in Sudan 339
19. Post-imperial English in Nigeria 1940–1990 357
20. The swinging pendulum: English in Tanzania 1940–1990 373
21. The life-cycle of post-imperial English in Cameroon 401
22. Fifty years of English in Singapore: All gains, (a) few losses? 431
23. The status of English in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) from 1940–1990 457
24. The post-imperial status of English in Sri Lanka 1940–1990: From first to second language 485
25. Post-imperial English in Malaysia 513
26. English in Israel after independence 535
27. The spread of English in India: Politics of language conflict and language power 557
28. English in Papua New Guinea 589
29. CONCLUSIONS
30. Summary and interpretation: Post-imperial English 1940–1990 623
31. Subject index 643