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2. Textile Raw Materials

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Textile Engineering
This chapter is in the book Textile Engineering
Madeha Jabbar, Khubab Shaker2 Textile Raw Materials2.1 ClassificationOn the basis of origin, the textile raw materials are classified into two main categories as shown in Fig. 2.1. Vegetable berRegenerated berSynthetic berMineral berAnimal berTextile bersManmade berNatural berFig. 2.1: Classification chart of textile fibers.Natural fibers are those provided by Nature in ready-made form and need only to be extracted On the other hand, man-made fibers are generated by humans from the things which were not in fiber form previously [1].2.2 Natural FibersNatural fibers are divided into three main classes according to the nature of source (origin), i. e. vegetable fibers, animal fibers, and mineral fibers as shown in Fig. 2.2. Natural fibers such as hemp, kenaf, jute, sisal, banana, flax, oil palm, etc. have been in considerable demand in recent years due to their eco-friendly and renew-able nature. In addition, the natural fibers have low density, better mechanical and thermal properties and are biodegradable. Vegetable fibers include the most important of the entire textile fibers “cotton” together with flax, hemp, jute, sisal and other fibers which are produced by plants. They are cellulose based, the material used by nature as structural material in the plant world. They can be collected from different parts of plants and are hence classi-fied on the basis of their source of collection from the plant. Animal fibers include wool and other hair-like fibers and also fibers such as silk, produced by silk worms. These
© 2016 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Munich/Boston

Madeha Jabbar, Khubab Shaker2 Textile Raw Materials2.1 ClassificationOn the basis of origin, the textile raw materials are classified into two main categories as shown in Fig. 2.1. Vegetable berRegenerated berSynthetic berMineral berAnimal berTextile bersManmade berNatural berFig. 2.1: Classification chart of textile fibers.Natural fibers are those provided by Nature in ready-made form and need only to be extracted On the other hand, man-made fibers are generated by humans from the things which were not in fiber form previously [1].2.2 Natural FibersNatural fibers are divided into three main classes according to the nature of source (origin), i. e. vegetable fibers, animal fibers, and mineral fibers as shown in Fig. 2.2. Natural fibers such as hemp, kenaf, jute, sisal, banana, flax, oil palm, etc. have been in considerable demand in recent years due to their eco-friendly and renew-able nature. In addition, the natural fibers have low density, better mechanical and thermal properties and are biodegradable. Vegetable fibers include the most important of the entire textile fibers “cotton” together with flax, hemp, jute, sisal and other fibers which are produced by plants. They are cellulose based, the material used by nature as structural material in the plant world. They can be collected from different parts of plants and are hence classi-fied on the basis of their source of collection from the plant. Animal fibers include wool and other hair-like fibers and also fibers such as silk, produced by silk worms. These
© 2016 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Munich/Boston

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter i
  2. Foreword v
  3. Contents vii
  4. List of Contributing Authors xv
  5. 1. Introduction 1
  6. 2. Textile Raw Materials 7
  7. 3. Yarn Manufacturing 25
  8. 4. Fabric Manufacturing 47
  9. 5. Textile Processing 83
  10. 6. Clothing 111
  11. 7. Technical Textiles 133
  12. 8. Textile Testing 143
  13. 9. Disposal and Recycling of Textiles 161
  14. 10. Quality Control and Quality Assurance 177
  15. 11. Computer Applications in Textiles 191
  16. Index 201
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https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110413267-004

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter i
  2. Foreword v
  3. Contents vii
  4. List of Contributing Authors xv
  5. 1. Introduction 1
  6. 2. Textile Raw Materials 7
  7. 3. Yarn Manufacturing 25
  8. 4. Fabric Manufacturing 47
  9. 5. Textile Processing 83
  10. 6. Clothing 111
  11. 7. Technical Textiles 133
  12. 8. Textile Testing 143
  13. 9. Disposal and Recycling of Textiles 161
  14. 10. Quality Control and Quality Assurance 177
  15. 11. Computer Applications in Textiles 191
  16. Index 201
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