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Remaking the Chinese City
This chapter is in the book Remaking the Chinese City
225NotesChapter 1. Modernity and Nation in the Chinese City1. In the voluminous literature on nationalism, the most importantstudies for our purposes are Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities:Reflections on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism (London, 1991);Ernest Gellner, Nations and Nationalism (Ithaca, 1983); Partha Catterjee,Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World (Minneapolis, 1993); and E.J. Hobsbawm, Nations and Nationalism Since 1780: Programme, Mythand Reality (Cambridge, 1990).2. Clifford Geertz, The Interpretation of Cultures (New York, 1973), 258.3. John A. Agnew, Place and Politics: The Geographical Mediation of Stateand Society (Boston, 1987), ix.4. Marshall Berman, “Why modernism still matters,” in Scott Lasch andJonathan Friedman, Modernity and Identity (Oxford, 1992), 35–36. Seealso Berman 1982.5. Steinhardt 1990; G. William Skinner, “Urban Development inImperial China,” in Skinner 1977; Arthur Wright 1977; Chang 1977.6. du Halde (1735), cited in Fernand Braudel, Capitalism and MaterialLife, 1400–1800, trans. Miriam Kochan (London, 1967), 394.7. Murphey 1953 and 1974; Zhang Yingjin 1996. For a narrativediplomatic and economic history of all of the treaty ports and conces-sions, see Zhang Hongxiang 1993; for urban histories of the fivesouthern treaty ports, see Zhang Zhongli, ed., Dongnan yanhai chengshiyu Zhongguo jindaihua (The southeast coastal cities and China’smodernization) (Shanghai, 1996).8. MacPherson 1987; Martin 1996; Wakeman 1995a, 25–34; Coble1980, 12, 32–36.9. Johnson 1995, 320–346.10. Schinz 1989, 171, cf. 139.11. Steinhardt 1990; G. William Skinner, “Urban Social Structure inCh’ing China,” in Skinner 1997; Arthur Wright 1977; Chang 1977; Sit1995, 7–81.12. Dray-Novey 1993.13. Helmer 1985, 30–31, 39; Vale 1992, 30.14. Geertz 1973, 258.15. Zhang Yingjin 1996, 61–113.16. Vale 1992. Vale notes and studies other examples, including suchfailures as Dodoma in Tanzania, which could not overcome the centralityof Dar es Salam.17. Finnane 1994.18. Pa Chin (Ba Jin), Family (Prospect Heights, Ill., 1972); Mao Dun,Rainbow, trans. Madeleine Zelin (Berkeley, 1972).19. Holston 1989, 17–18.20. Gaubatz 1996, 91–92, 96.21. Schinz 1989, 24–28, 126–131, 148–154, 272–279, 282–288, 291–297, 348–350.22. Finnane 1994, 1154, 1164; and McIsaac, chap. 11, in this volume.23. In the 1980s, first twenty-four, then a total of sixty-two, cities wereso designated (Schinz 1989, 41–42).24. Albert Feuerwerker, “Economic Trends, 1912–49,” The CambridgeHistory of China, vol. 12: Republican China 1912–1949, Part I, ed. JohnK. Fairbank (Cambridge, 1983), 43.25. Schinz 1989, 118–119.26. Gaubatz 1996.27. Joshua Goldstein, “Theatrical Imagi-nations: Beijing Opera andChina’s Cultural Crisis, 1900–1937" (Ph.D. dissertation, University ofCalifornia–San Diego, 1999).28. “Chronological Autobiography of K’ang Yu-wei,” trans. in K’ang Yu-wei: A Biography and a Symposium, ed. Jung-pang Lo (Tucson: Universityof Arizona Press, 1967), 36.29. Ravetz 1986, 15; MacPherson 1987, 40–42.30. Jordan 1995.31. Ibid., 185.32. Cody 1996; MacPherson 1990.33. Henriot 1993, 111–114.34. James A. Cook, “Bridges to Modernity: Xiamen, Overseas Chineseand Southeast Coastal Modernization, 1843–1937” (Ph.D. dissertation,University of California–San Diego, 1998), chap. 6.35. Mumford 1961, 410. On the 1912 destruction of Shanghai’s wallsand the laying of “Republic Road,” see MacPherson 1990, 47.36. Strand 1989, esp. 23–26; Lu Hanchao forthcoming, chap. 2.37. See MacPherson 1987 for pioneering public health efforts in theShanghai foreign concessions.38. Strand 1989, 65.39. Storch 1976.40. Wakeman 1995a, 212; see also Wakeman 1995b, 19–20.41. Shi 1993; Stapleton, chap. 6, in this volume.42. Henriot 1993, 175–184; MacPherson 1990; see also Schinz 1989,172, 178–179, 189–190.43. Jordan 1995, 227–245.44. Henriot 1993, 130–155, 175–184.45. Ibid., 173–175; Tsin and Rogaski, chaps. 2 and 3, respectively, in thisvolume.46. In addition to Dong, chap. 8, in this volume, see Shi 1998, 219–254.47. Zhang Zhongli 1996, 577–578.48. Zhang Yingjin 1996, 9–10; cf. Berman 1982, 183, 198, on St.Petersburg; and David Nasaw, “Cities of Light, Landscapes of Pleasure,”in David Ward and Oliver Zunz, The Landscape of Modernity: Essays onNew York City, 1900–1940 (New York: Russell Sage, 1992), 273–286.49. Skinner, “Urban Social Structure in Ch’ing China, in Skinner 1997,547–548; Chang 1977, 99; Schipper 1977.50. Skinner, “Urban Social Structure in Ch’ing China,” 527–528;Johnson 1995, 96–121; Antonia Finnane, “Yangzhou: A Central Place inthe Qing,” in Johnson 1993, 132–133.51. A recent book proclaims, “Nanjing Road reflects greater Shanghai.Greater Shanghai reflects modern China” (Cheng Tongyi, Kaibu—Zhongguo Nanjing lu 150 nian [Open Port—150 years of China’sNanjing Road] [Beijing, 1996], 3).52. Mumford 1961, 368–370, 429; Sennet 1994, 22–23, 257–258.NOTESTO PAGES 1–10
© University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu

225NotesChapter 1. Modernity and Nation in the Chinese City1. In the voluminous literature on nationalism, the most importantstudies for our purposes are Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities:Reflections on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism (London, 1991);Ernest Gellner, Nations and Nationalism (Ithaca, 1983); Partha Catterjee,Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World (Minneapolis, 1993); and E.J. Hobsbawm, Nations and Nationalism Since 1780: Programme, Mythand Reality (Cambridge, 1990).2. Clifford Geertz, The Interpretation of Cultures (New York, 1973), 258.3. John A. Agnew, Place and Politics: The Geographical Mediation of Stateand Society (Boston, 1987), ix.4. Marshall Berman, “Why modernism still matters,” in Scott Lasch andJonathan Friedman, Modernity and Identity (Oxford, 1992), 35–36. Seealso Berman 1982.5. Steinhardt 1990; G. William Skinner, “Urban Development inImperial China,” in Skinner 1977; Arthur Wright 1977; Chang 1977.6. du Halde (1735), cited in Fernand Braudel, Capitalism and MaterialLife, 1400–1800, trans. Miriam Kochan (London, 1967), 394.7. Murphey 1953 and 1974; Zhang Yingjin 1996. For a narrativediplomatic and economic history of all of the treaty ports and conces-sions, see Zhang Hongxiang 1993; for urban histories of the fivesouthern treaty ports, see Zhang Zhongli, ed., Dongnan yanhai chengshiyu Zhongguo jindaihua (The southeast coastal cities and China’smodernization) (Shanghai, 1996).8. MacPherson 1987; Martin 1996; Wakeman 1995a, 25–34; Coble1980, 12, 32–36.9. Johnson 1995, 320–346.10. Schinz 1989, 171, cf. 139.11. Steinhardt 1990; G. William Skinner, “Urban Social Structure inCh’ing China,” in Skinner 1997; Arthur Wright 1977; Chang 1977; Sit1995, 7–81.12. Dray-Novey 1993.13. Helmer 1985, 30–31, 39; Vale 1992, 30.14. Geertz 1973, 258.15. Zhang Yingjin 1996, 61–113.16. Vale 1992. Vale notes and studies other examples, including suchfailures as Dodoma in Tanzania, which could not overcome the centralityof Dar es Salam.17. Finnane 1994.18. Pa Chin (Ba Jin), Family (Prospect Heights, Ill., 1972); Mao Dun,Rainbow, trans. Madeleine Zelin (Berkeley, 1972).19. Holston 1989, 17–18.20. Gaubatz 1996, 91–92, 96.21. Schinz 1989, 24–28, 126–131, 148–154, 272–279, 282–288, 291–297, 348–350.22. Finnane 1994, 1154, 1164; and McIsaac, chap. 11, in this volume.23. In the 1980s, first twenty-four, then a total of sixty-two, cities wereso designated (Schinz 1989, 41–42).24. Albert Feuerwerker, “Economic Trends, 1912–49,” The CambridgeHistory of China, vol. 12: Republican China 1912–1949, Part I, ed. JohnK. Fairbank (Cambridge, 1983), 43.25. Schinz 1989, 118–119.26. Gaubatz 1996.27. Joshua Goldstein, “Theatrical Imagi-nations: Beijing Opera andChina’s Cultural Crisis, 1900–1937" (Ph.D. dissertation, University ofCalifornia–San Diego, 1999).28. “Chronological Autobiography of K’ang Yu-wei,” trans. in K’ang Yu-wei: A Biography and a Symposium, ed. Jung-pang Lo (Tucson: Universityof Arizona Press, 1967), 36.29. Ravetz 1986, 15; MacPherson 1987, 40–42.30. Jordan 1995.31. Ibid., 185.32. Cody 1996; MacPherson 1990.33. Henriot 1993, 111–114.34. James A. Cook, “Bridges to Modernity: Xiamen, Overseas Chineseand Southeast Coastal Modernization, 1843–1937” (Ph.D. dissertation,University of California–San Diego, 1998), chap. 6.35. Mumford 1961, 410. On the 1912 destruction of Shanghai’s wallsand the laying of “Republic Road,” see MacPherson 1990, 47.36. Strand 1989, esp. 23–26; Lu Hanchao forthcoming, chap. 2.37. See MacPherson 1987 for pioneering public health efforts in theShanghai foreign concessions.38. Strand 1989, 65.39. Storch 1976.40. Wakeman 1995a, 212; see also Wakeman 1995b, 19–20.41. Shi 1993; Stapleton, chap. 6, in this volume.42. Henriot 1993, 175–184; MacPherson 1990; see also Schinz 1989,172, 178–179, 189–190.43. Jordan 1995, 227–245.44. Henriot 1993, 130–155, 175–184.45. Ibid., 173–175; Tsin and Rogaski, chaps. 2 and 3, respectively, in thisvolume.46. In addition to Dong, chap. 8, in this volume, see Shi 1998, 219–254.47. Zhang Zhongli 1996, 577–578.48. Zhang Yingjin 1996, 9–10; cf. Berman 1982, 183, 198, on St.Petersburg; and David Nasaw, “Cities of Light, Landscapes of Pleasure,”in David Ward and Oliver Zunz, The Landscape of Modernity: Essays onNew York City, 1900–1940 (New York: Russell Sage, 1992), 273–286.49. Skinner, “Urban Social Structure in Ch’ing China, in Skinner 1997,547–548; Chang 1977, 99; Schipper 1977.50. Skinner, “Urban Social Structure in Ch’ing China,” 527–528;Johnson 1995, 96–121; Antonia Finnane, “Yangzhou: A Central Place inthe Qing,” in Johnson 1993, 132–133.51. A recent book proclaims, “Nanjing Road reflects greater Shanghai.Greater Shanghai reflects modern China” (Cheng Tongyi, Kaibu—Zhongguo Nanjing lu 150 nian [Open Port—150 years of China’sNanjing Road] [Beijing, 1996], 3).52. Mumford 1961, 368–370, 429; Sennet 1994, 22–23, 257–258.NOTESTO PAGES 1–10
© University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter i
  2. Contents v
  3. List of Illustrations vii
  4. Preface ix
  5. Chapter 1. Modernity and Nation in the Chinese City 1
  6. Part I: The Modernist City
  7. Chapter 2. Canton Remapped 19
  8. Chapter 3. Hygienic Modernity in Tianjin 30
  9. Chapter 4. Urban Identity and Urban Networks in Cosmopolitan Cities: Banks and Bankers in Tianjin, 1900–1937 47
  10. Chapter 5. Railway City and National Capital Two Faces of the Modern in Changchun 65
  11. Chapter 6. Yang Sen in Chengdu Urban Planning in the Interior 90
  12. Part II: Tradition and Modernity
  13. Chapter 7. Tourism and Spatial Change in Hangzhou, 1911–1927 107
  14. Chapter 8. Defining Beiping Urban Reconstruction and National Identity, 1928–1936 121
  15. Chapter 9. Building a Dream Constructing a National Capital in Nanjing, 1927–1937 139
  16. Part III: City and Nation
  17. Chapter 10. Wuhan’s Search for Identity in the Republican Period 161
  18. Chapter 11. The City as Nation: Creating a Wartime Capital in Chongqing 174
  19. Chapter 12. Locating Old Shanghai Having Fits about Where It Fits 192
  20. Chapter 13. New Chinese Cities 211
  21. Notes 225
  22. Glossary 245
  23. Bibliography 251
  24. Contributors 273
  25. Index 275
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https://doi.org/10.1515/9780824864125-016

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter i
  2. Contents v
  3. List of Illustrations vii
  4. Preface ix
  5. Chapter 1. Modernity and Nation in the Chinese City 1
  6. Part I: The Modernist City
  7. Chapter 2. Canton Remapped 19
  8. Chapter 3. Hygienic Modernity in Tianjin 30
  9. Chapter 4. Urban Identity and Urban Networks in Cosmopolitan Cities: Banks and Bankers in Tianjin, 1900–1937 47
  10. Chapter 5. Railway City and National Capital Two Faces of the Modern in Changchun 65
  11. Chapter 6. Yang Sen in Chengdu Urban Planning in the Interior 90
  12. Part II: Tradition and Modernity
  13. Chapter 7. Tourism and Spatial Change in Hangzhou, 1911–1927 107
  14. Chapter 8. Defining Beiping Urban Reconstruction and National Identity, 1928–1936 121
  15. Chapter 9. Building a Dream Constructing a National Capital in Nanjing, 1927–1937 139
  16. Part III: City and Nation
  17. Chapter 10. Wuhan’s Search for Identity in the Republican Period 161
  18. Chapter 11. The City as Nation: Creating a Wartime Capital in Chongqing 174
  19. Chapter 12. Locating Old Shanghai Having Fits about Where It Fits 192
  20. Chapter 13. New Chinese Cities 211
  21. Notes 225
  22. Glossary 245
  23. Bibliography 251
  24. Contributors 273
  25. Index 275
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