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Chapter Three Phrenes Within The Person

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Psychological Activity in Homer
This chapter is in the book Psychological Activity in Homer
Chapter T/treePHRENES WITHIN THE PERSONIn this Chapter and the next three, we will examine pas-sages where phren and phrenes appear in Homer and theHomeric Hymns.1 Because of the large number of these occur-rences (379 in Homer and the Homeric Hymns), not all will bediscussed in the text but all are listed in Appendix One.2 Cer-tain questions will be of particular interest as we examine thesepassages. Do phrenes act of their own accord in a person? Whatactivities does a person carry out in or with phrenes? Whatoutside objects or agents can affect phrenes? What psychic en-tities are found in phrenes? What is the relationship betweenperson and phrenes? Are they ever identified or are the twoalways distinct? If distinct, in what way does a person viewphrenes? Are they useful and co-operative or are they to be re-sisted? Our discussion will treat these questions in an attemptto clarify the many facets of phrenes that the texts reveal.3 Asmentioned in Chapter Two, we will encounter in the referencesto phrenes an ambiguity between agent and function. Althoughthis may not always be pointed out in our discussion of individ-ual passages, it will be assumed to be present in them.METHOD IN CHAPTERS THREE TO SIXThe passages where phren occurs have been divided intoeight Sections. My focus is on the relationship of a person tophrenes and on the outside factors that can influence them. Ingeneral, the Sections have not been determined by case, al-though in certain instances a Section and a case may correspond(as, for instance, in Section One). In general too the syntax ofphren in the various passages has not been discussed but is de-37
© Carleton University Press Inc.

Chapter T/treePHRENES WITHIN THE PERSONIn this Chapter and the next three, we will examine pas-sages where phren and phrenes appear in Homer and theHomeric Hymns.1 Because of the large number of these occur-rences (379 in Homer and the Homeric Hymns), not all will bediscussed in the text but all are listed in Appendix One.2 Cer-tain questions will be of particular interest as we examine thesepassages. Do phrenes act of their own accord in a person? Whatactivities does a person carry out in or with phrenes? Whatoutside objects or agents can affect phrenes? What psychic en-tities are found in phrenes? What is the relationship betweenperson and phrenes? Are they ever identified or are the twoalways distinct? If distinct, in what way does a person viewphrenes? Are they useful and co-operative or are they to be re-sisted? Our discussion will treat these questions in an attemptto clarify the many facets of phrenes that the texts reveal.3 Asmentioned in Chapter Two, we will encounter in the referencesto phrenes an ambiguity between agent and function. Althoughthis may not always be pointed out in our discussion of individ-ual passages, it will be assumed to be present in them.METHOD IN CHAPTERS THREE TO SIXThe passages where phren occurs have been divided intoeight Sections. My focus is on the relationship of a person tophrenes and on the outside factors that can influence them. Ingeneral, the Sections have not been determined by case, al-though in certain instances a Section and a case may correspond(as, for instance, in Section One). In general too the syntax ofphren in the various passages has not been discussed but is de-37
© Carleton University Press Inc.
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