From double negation to portmanteau
-
Erwin Ebermann
Abstract
Northern Samo languages of North Western Burkina Faso, belonging to the Mande group of languages, show an extreme variation in all fields of grammar, as in the construction of negation. Double negation marking with a post subject plus a sentence final negation marker was probably a feature of proto Northern Samo. Both markers are extremely variable and prone to loss in some areas. In some areas, double negation marking developed into post subject Portemanteau morphems marking both TAM and negation. Main factors for these variation and developments seem to be very different migration patterns of the subgroups, very different and sometimes assimilated contact groups, and local insecurity in the 18th and 19th century due to slave trade.
Abstract
Northern Samo languages of North Western Burkina Faso, belonging to the Mande group of languages, show an extreme variation in all fields of grammar, as in the construction of negation. Double negation marking with a post subject plus a sentence final negation marker was probably a feature of proto Northern Samo. Both markers are extremely variable and prone to loss in some areas. In some areas, double negation marking developed into post subject Portemanteau morphems marking both TAM and negation. Main factors for these variation and developments seem to be very different migration patterns of the subgroups, very different and sometimes assimilated contact groups, and local insecurity in the 18th and 19th century due to slave trade.
Chapters in this book
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- Introduction 1
- Negation of non-indicative mood in Hausa, Fulfulde and Kanuri 7
- The impact of clause types and focus control, aspect, modality, and referentiality on negation in Lamang and Hdi (Central Chadic) 21
- Quantification and polarity 57
- Negation patterns in Kanuri 71
- Songhay verbal negation in its dialectal and areal context 93
- Negation in Jukun 107
- Negation marking in Igbo 121
- Aspects of discontinuous negation in Santome 139
- Negation in Gur 167
- Double negation-marking 205
- Negation in South Mande 223
- From double negation to portmanteau 261
- The system of negation in Berber 287
- Verb-object-negative order in central Africa 307
- Language index 363
- Name index 365
- Subject index 367
Chapters in this book
- Prelim pages i
- Table of contents v
- Introduction 1
- Negation of non-indicative mood in Hausa, Fulfulde and Kanuri 7
- The impact of clause types and focus control, aspect, modality, and referentiality on negation in Lamang and Hdi (Central Chadic) 21
- Quantification and polarity 57
- Negation patterns in Kanuri 71
- Songhay verbal negation in its dialectal and areal context 93
- Negation in Jukun 107
- Negation marking in Igbo 121
- Aspects of discontinuous negation in Santome 139
- Negation in Gur 167
- Double negation-marking 205
- Negation in South Mande 223
- From double negation to portmanteau 261
- The system of negation in Berber 287
- Verb-object-negative order in central Africa 307
- Language index 363
- Name index 365
- Subject index 367
