Band 12, Heft 3

We classify quartic del Pezzo surface fibrations over the projective line via numerical invariants, giving explicit examples for small values of the invariants. For generic such fibrations, we describe explicitly the geometry of spaces of sections to the fibration, and mappings to the intermediate Jacobian of the total space. We exhibit examples where these are birational, which has applications to arithmetic questions, especially over finite fields.

For the Grothendieck group of a split simple linear algebraic group, the twisted γ-filtration provides a useful tool for constructing torsion elements in -rings of twisted flag varieties. In this paper, we construct a non-trivial torsion element in the γ-ring of a complete flag variety twisted by means of a PGO-torsor. This generalizes the construction in the HSpin case previously obtained by Zainoulline.

The jump of the Milnor number of an isolated singularity f 0 is the minimal non-zero difference between the Milnor numbers of f 0 and one of its deformations (f s). We prove that for the singularities in the X 9 singularity class their jumps are equal to 2.

Let F n denote the free group of rank n and d(G) the minimal number of generators of the finitely generated group G. Suppose that R ↪ F m ↠ G and S ↪ F m ↠ G are presentations of G and let $$\bar R$$ and $$\bar S$$ denote the associated relation modules of G. It is well known that $$\bar R \oplus (\mathbb{Z}G)^{d(G)} \cong \bar S \oplus (\mathbb{Z}G)^{d(G)}$$ even though it is quite possible that . However, to the best of the author’s knowledge no examples have appeared in the literature with the property that . Our purpose here is to exhibit, for each integer k ≥ 1, a group G that has presentations as above such that . Our approach depends on the existence of nonfree stably free modules over certain commutative rings and, in particular, on the existence of certain Hurwitz-Radon systems of matrices with integer entries discovered by Geramita and Pullman. This approach was motivated by results of Adams concerning the number of orthonormal (continuous) vector fields on spheres.

We consider an infinite Jacobi matrix with off-diagonal entries dominated by the diagonal entries going to infinity. The corresponding self-adjoint operator J has discrete spectrum and our purpose is to present results on the approximation of eigenvalues of J by eigenvalues of its finite submatrices.

In this paper we prove that, up to a scalar multiple, the determinant is the unique generalized matrix function that preserves the product or remains invariant under similarity. Also, we present a new proof for the known result that, up to a scalar multiple, the ordinary characteristic polynomial is the unique generalized characteristic polynomial for which the Cayley-Hamilton theorem remains true.

Let A be a unital strict Banach algebra, and let K + be the one-point compactification of a discrete topological space K. Denote by the weak tensor product of the algebra A and C(K +), the algebra of continuous functions on K +. We prove that if K has sufficiently large cardinality (depending on A), then the strict global dimension is equal to .

It is known that if a rearrangement invariant (r.i.) space E on [0, 1] has an unconditional basis then every linear bounded operator on E is a sum of two narrow operators. On the other hand, for the classical space E = L 1[0, 1] having no unconditional basis the sum of two narrow operators is a narrow operator. We show that a Köthe space on [0, 1] having “lots” of nonnarrow operators that are sum of two narrow operators need not have an unconditional basis. However, we do not know if such an r.i. space exists. Another result establishes sufficient conditions on an r.i. space E under which the orthogonal projection onto the closed linear span of the Rademacher system is a hereditarily narrow operator. This, in particular, answers a question of the first named author and Randrianantoanina (Problem 11.9 in [Popov M., Randrianantoanina B., Narrow Operators on Function Spaces and Vector Lattices, de Gruyter Stud. Math., 45, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, 2013]).

We study inverse spectral problems for ordinary differential equations on compact star-type graphs when differential equations have different orders on different edges. As the main spectral characteristics we introduce and study the so-called Weyl-type matrices which are generalizations of the Weyl function (m-function) for the classical Sturm-Liouville operator. We provide a procedure for constructing the solution of the inverse problem and prove its uniqueness.

We study maximal pseudocompact spaces calling them also MP-spaces. We show that the product of a maximal pseudocompact space and a countable compact space is maximal pseudocompact. If X is hereditarily maximal pseudocompact then X × Y is hereditarily maximal pseudocompact for any first countable compact space Y. It turns out that hereditary maximal pseudocompactness coincides with the Preiss-Simon property in countably compact spaces. In compact spaces, hereditary MP-property is invariant under continuous images while this is not true for the class of countably compact spaces. We prove that every Fréchet-Urysohn compact space is homeomorphic to a retract of a compact MP-space. We also give a ZFC example of a Fréchet-Urysohn compact space which is not maximal pseudocompact. Therefore maximal pseudocompactness is not preserved by continuous images in the class of compact spaces.

Positive polynomials arising from Muirhead’s inequality, from classical power mean and elementary symmetric mean inequalities and from Minkowski’s inequality can be rewritten as sums of squares.

Let k ≥ 2 be an integer. A function f: V(G) → {−1, 1} defined on the vertex set V(G) of a graph G is a signed k-independence function if the sum of its function values over any closed neighborhood is at most k − 1. That is, Σx∈N[v] f(x) ≤ k − 1 for every v ∈ V(G), where N[v] consists of v and every vertex adjacent to v. The weight of a signed k-independence function f is w(f) = Σv∈V(G) f(v). The maximum weight w(f), taken over all signed k-independence functions f on G, is the signed k-independence number α sk(G) of G. In this work, we mainly present upper bounds on α sk (G), as for example α sk(G) ≤ n − 2⌈(Δ(G) + 2 − k)/2⌉, and we prove the Nordhaus-Gaddum type inequality $$\alpha _S^k \left( G \right) + \alpha _S^k \left( {\bar G} \right) \leqslant n + 2k - 3$$, where n is the order, Δ(G) the maximum degree and $$\bar G$$ the complement of the graph G. Some of our results imply well-known bounds on the signed 2-independence number.

A Γ-distance magic labeling of a graph G = (V, E) with |V| = n is a bijection ℓ from V to an Abelian group Γ of order n such that the weight $$w(x) = \sum\nolimits_{y \in N_G (x)} {\ell (y)}$$ of every vertex x ∈ V is equal to the same element µ ∈ Γ, called the magic constant. A graph G is called a group distance magic graph if there exists a Γ-distance magic labeling for every Abelian group Γ of order |V(G)|. In this paper we give necessary and sufficient conditions for complete k-partite graphs of odd order p to be ℤp-distance magic. Moreover we show that if p ≡ 2 (mod 4) and k is even, then there does not exist a group Γ of order p such that there exists a Γ-distance labeling for a k-partite complete graph of order p. We also prove that K m,n is a group distance magic graph if and only if n + m ≢ 2 (mod 4).

Bounded integral residuated lattices form a large class of algebras containing some classes of algebras behind many valued and fuzzy logics. In the paper we introduce and investigate multiplicative interior and additive closure operators (mi- and ac-operators) generalizing topological interior and closure operators on such algebras. We describe connections between mi- and ac-operators, and for residuated lattices with Glivenko property we give connections between operators on them and on the residuated lattices of their regular elements.