9 Clubs and Community Building

Chapters in this book

1. Frontmatter i
2. CONTENTS v
3. Preface vii
4. Acknowledgments xiii
5. "She Is My Sister" by Niobe xvii
6. PART I The Antebellum Period
7. 1. Free Women of Color 1
8. 2 Slavery 15
9. PART II Reconstruction and Redemption
10. 3 First Freedom 41
11. 4 Resistance 65
12. PART III Education and Culture
13. 5 Freedmen's Bureau Schools and Public Schools 85
14. 6 Higher Education 105
15. 7 Culture and Social Life 123
16. PART IV The New Century
17. 8 Work 155
18. 9 Clubs and Community Building 185
19. 10 The Fight for Suffrage and against Lynching 207
20. PART V The Modern Period
21. 11 World War II 227
22. 12 The Civil Rights Movement 241
23. 13 Breaking the Glass Ceiling 261
24. "Prelude to Ashe" by Hermine Pinson 291
25. Appendix 1 Educators 293
26. Appendix 2 Officeholders 297
27. Notes 301
28. Selected Bibliography 355
29. Photo Credits 371
30. Index 378