61 Special effect pigments
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Gerhard Pfaff
Abstract
Special effect pigments are in the very most cases synthetic pigments, characterized by high luster, brilliance and iridescent colors known from optically thin films. The visual appearance has its origin in reflection and refraction of light at thin single and multiple layers. The pigments are either transparent, semitransparent or light-absorbing platelet-shaped crystals or layer systems. They can consist of single crystals, but also of monolayer or a multilayer structures in which the layers have different refractive indices and light absorption properties. Pigment based on the layer-substrate principle represent the technically most important class of special effect pigments. There are many variation and combination possibilities for the layer and substrate materials used. Special effect pigments based on platelets of natural or synthetic mica, on alumina, silica, or borosilicate flakes are the main representatives of layer-substrate pigments. They are manufactured in most cases by wet chemical processes combined with high-temperature processes. The production of substrate particles includes mechanical processes, but also crystal growth, glass formation, and web coating.
Abstract
Special effect pigments are in the very most cases synthetic pigments, characterized by high luster, brilliance and iridescent colors known from optically thin films. The visual appearance has its origin in reflection and refraction of light at thin single and multiple layers. The pigments are either transparent, semitransparent or light-absorbing platelet-shaped crystals or layer systems. They can consist of single crystals, but also of monolayer or a multilayer structures in which the layers have different refractive indices and light absorption properties. Pigment based on the layer-substrate principle represent the technically most important class of special effect pigments. There are many variation and combination possibilities for the layer and substrate materials used. Special effect pigments based on platelets of natural or synthetic mica, on alumina, silica, or borosilicate flakes are the main representatives of layer-substrate pigments. They are manufactured in most cases by wet chemical processes combined with high-temperature processes. The production of substrate particles includes mechanical processes, but also crystal growth, glass formation, and web coating.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Contents VII
- List of contributors XV
- 45 Mixed metal oxide pigments 849
- 46 Monoazo (Monohydrazone) pigments based on acetoacetanilides 859
- 47 Monoazo (Monohydrazone) pigments based on benzimidazolones 871
- 48 Monoazo (Monohydrazone) pigments based on 2-naphthol and derivatives 885
- 49 Naphthopyran dyes 909
- 50 Organic pigments: general principles 925
- 51 Oxonitride pigments 955
- 52 Oxonol dyes 959
- 53 Perylene and perinone pigments 967
- 54 Photochromic dyes 979
- 55 Phthalocyanine blue pigments 1015
- 56 Phthalocyanine green pigments 1029
- 57 Phthalocyanine pigments: general principles 1035
- 58 Pigments: general aspects 1041
- 59 Polymethine dyes 1057
- 60 Quinacridone pigments 1071
- 61 Special effect pigments 1081
- 62 Spirooxazine dyes 1105
- 63 Spiropyran dyes 1125
- 64 Streptocyanine dyes 1153
- 65 Streptomerocyanine dyes 1165
- 66 Titanium dioxide pigments 1177
- 67 Transparent pigments 1195
- 68 Ultramarine pigments 1203
- 69 White pigments 1211
- 70 Zinc oxide pigments 1213
- 71 Zinc sulfide pigments 1219
- Index 1225
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Contents VII
- List of contributors XV
- 45 Mixed metal oxide pigments 849
- 46 Monoazo (Monohydrazone) pigments based on acetoacetanilides 859
- 47 Monoazo (Monohydrazone) pigments based on benzimidazolones 871
- 48 Monoazo (Monohydrazone) pigments based on 2-naphthol and derivatives 885
- 49 Naphthopyran dyes 909
- 50 Organic pigments: general principles 925
- 51 Oxonitride pigments 955
- 52 Oxonol dyes 959
- 53 Perylene and perinone pigments 967
- 54 Photochromic dyes 979
- 55 Phthalocyanine blue pigments 1015
- 56 Phthalocyanine green pigments 1029
- 57 Phthalocyanine pigments: general principles 1035
- 58 Pigments: general aspects 1041
- 59 Polymethine dyes 1057
- 60 Quinacridone pigments 1071
- 61 Special effect pigments 1081
- 62 Spirooxazine dyes 1105
- 63 Spiropyran dyes 1125
- 64 Streptocyanine dyes 1153
- 65 Streptomerocyanine dyes 1165
- 66 Titanium dioxide pigments 1177
- 67 Transparent pigments 1195
- 68 Ultramarine pigments 1203
- 69 White pigments 1211
- 70 Zinc oxide pigments 1213
- 71 Zinc sulfide pigments 1219
- Index 1225
