Non-Aqueous Facing Methods in Paper Conservation – Part I: Testing Facing Materials
-
Theresa Bedenikovic
Mag. art
Theresa Bedenikovic , born in 1985, studied Conservation and Restoration of Paper/Photographs/Books/Archive material at the Academy of fine Arts Vienna. She works as a self employed paper conservater in the team of the Institute for Paper Conservation collective at Schloss Schönbrunn.
,
Sigrid Eyb-Green
Mag. art Dr.
Sigrid Eyb-Green is head paper conservation at the Institute for Conservation-Restoration, Academy of Fine Arts Vienna. She completed a five year conservation program at the same institution, specialising in art on paper, and started her career as a free-lance conservator in New York and Vienna before she commenced teaching in 2002. In 2009, she finished her doctoral thesis on a collection of cartoons.O.Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dipl.-Ing.
Wolfgang Baatz is head of the Institute for Conservation-Restoration, Academy of Fine Arts Vienna. After completing conservation training at the Academy, he worked 16 years as a freelance conservator. During this time he also graduated from a ten semester chemistry program at the Technical University Vienna, before returning to the Academy with a full professorship in 1994 and expanding the institute. He is also co-founder of ENCoRE and present chairman.
Abstract
This study focusses on non-aqueous facing methods in paper conservation. The aim was to develop facing systems which have sufficient adhesive strength to stabilize a paper-based object during a conservation treatment while at the same time being easily reversible after treatment without leaving any residues on the original. A variety of carrier materials, non-aqueous adhesives as well as different methods of adhesive application and activation were combined. Nylon, Rayon and Japanese tissue were coated with Klucel®, BEVA®, Aquazol®, Degalan®, Lascaux® and Plextol®. Adhesives were applied by brushing, spraying, stenciling and stamping. Subsequently, coated tissues were reactivated with different methods such as application of solvent vapors, application of solvents with a sponge or direct application of solvents. In addition, the reactivation was carried out by pressure and/or heat. The adhesive strength was classified using a simple peel test; by dyeing the adhesives, their penetration into the sample papers was made visible, and adhesive residues which may remain on the sample papers could be observed visually.
Zusammenfassung
Nichtwässrige Facingmethoden in der Papierrestaurierung – Teil I: Materialien und Methoden
In der vorliegenden Studie wurden nicht-wässrige Facingmethoden in der Papierrestaurierung untersucht. Ziel war es, Facing-Systeme zu entwickeln, die einerseits ausreichend Klebekraft haben, um ein Objekt während eines restauratorischen Eingriffs zu stabilisieren, zugleich aber auch gut reversibel sind und nach der Behandlung ohne Rückstände wieder von dem Objekt abgelöst werden können. Dazu wurde eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Trägermaterialien und nicht-wässriger Klebstoffe kombiniert, sowie verschiedene Auftrags- und Reaktivierungsmethoden der Klebstoffe getestet. Nylon, Rayon und Japanpapier wurden mit Klucel®, BEVA®, Aquazol®, Degalan®, Lascaux® und Plextol® beschichtet; Klebstoffe wurden durch Streichen, Sprühen, Schablonieren und Stempeln aufgetragen. Anschließend wurden die Klebstoffe mit verschiedenen Methoden des Lösungsmitteleintrages sowie durch Druck und/oder Wärme reaktiviert. Die Klebekraft wurde mit einem einfachen Peeltest klassifiziert; durch Färben der Klebstoffe konnten ihr Eindringen in die Testpapiere und eventuelle Klebstoffrückstände auf der Papieroberfläche sichtbar gemacht werden.
Resumé
Des méthodes non aqueuses de facing en restauration papier – Première partie: tester les matériaux de facing
Cette étude se concentre sur les méthodes non aqueuses de facing en restauration papier. Un ensemble de différents matériaux, des adhésifs non aqueux et différentes méthodes d’application d’adhésifs et de réactivation ont été combinés. Du nylon, rayon et un non tissé japon ont été enduits de Klucel®, BEVA®, Aquazol®, Degalan®, Lascaux® et Plextol®. Les adhésifs ont été appliqués au pinceau, au vaporisateur, au stencil et par tamponnage Les supports de facing ont été réactivés par différentes méthodes telles qu’une application de vapeur de solvant, de solvant avec une éponge ou par application directe du solvant. De plus, la réactivation a été réalisée par pression et/ou par chaleur. La force adhésive a été évaluée par un simple test de pelage; en teignant les adhésifs, leur pénétration dans les papiers échantillons a été rendue visible et cela a permis d’observer visuellement les résidus d’adhésifs restés présents sur les échantillons papier.
About the authors
Mag. art Theresa Bedenikovic, born in 1985, studied Conservation and Restoration of Paper/Photographs/Books/Archive material at the Academy of fine Arts Vienna. She works as a self employed paper conservater in the team of the Institute for Paper Conservation collective at Schloss Schönbrunn.
Mag. art Dr. Sigrid Eyb-Green is head paper conservation at the Institute for Conservation-Restoration, Academy of Fine Arts Vienna. She completed a five year conservation program at the same institution, specialising in art on paper, and started her career as a free-lance conservator in New York and Vienna before she commenced teaching in 2002. In 2009, she finished her doctoral thesis on a collection of cartoons.
O.Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dipl.-Ing. Wolfgang Baatz is head of the Institute for Conservation-Restoration, Academy of Fine Arts Vienna. After completing conservation training at the Academy, he worked 16 years as a freelance conservator. During this time he also graduated from a ten semester chemistry program at the Technical University Vienna, before returning to the Academy with a full professorship in 1994 and expanding the institute. He is also co-founder of ENCoRE and present chairman.
Acknowledgements
We thank Mag. Doris Pitour for her inspiring ideas and her engagement into the project as well as for her support of the workshops on facings.
References
Baker, C.: Polyester screen material: Uses in the paper conservation Lab. Paper Conservation News 55 (1990): 11.Suche in Google Scholar
Brückle, I.: Update: Remoistenable lining with methyl cellulose adhesive preparation. The Book & Paper Group Annual 15 (1996): 25–26.Suche in Google Scholar
Cains, A.: A facing method for leather, paper and membrane. In: Conference Papers Manchester, S. Fairbrass (ed.), The Institute for Paper Conservation, (1992): 153–157.Suche in Google Scholar
Cook, P., Dennin, J.: Ships plans on oil and resin impregnated tracing paper: A practical repair procedure. The paper conservator. Journal of the Institute of Paper Conservation 18 (1994): 11–19.10.1080/03094227.1994.9638584Suche in Google Scholar
Down, J. L., Guild, S., Hill, G., St-Jacques, D., Westbury, K., O’Loughlin, E., Kaminska, E., Williams, R. S., Iraci, J., Tse, S.: Update on the CCI adhesive tape and heat-set tissues project. In: Adhesives and Consolidants for Conservation: research and applications.Conference Papers, Canadian Conservation Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, 2011.Suche in Google Scholar
Geller, B.: Untersuchung und Anwendung der flüchtigen Bindemittel Cyclododecan und Tricyclen-Camphen in der Papierrestaurierung. MA Thesis, Cologne: Fachhochschule Köln, 1997.Suche in Google Scholar
Hawkes, R.: The Use of Lascaux Acrylic Dispersions in Paper Conservation, Poster, In: Adhesives and Consolidants for Conservation: research and applications. Conference Papers, Canadian Conservation Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, 2011.Suche in Google Scholar
Hey, M., Waters, P.: Heat-set tissue preparation and application. Conservation of Library Materials, Library of Congress Publications, Unpublished Conservation Workshop Notes on Evolving Procedures, Series 300, No.1, 1977.Suche in Google Scholar
Jacobi, E., Reissland, B., Phan Tan Luu, C., Velzen, B. V., Ligterink, F.: Rendering the invisible visible: Preventing solvent-induced migration during local repairs on iron gall ink. Journal of Paper Conservation (2011): 25–34.Suche in Google Scholar
Jamison, J.: Lascaux Linings in the Treatment of Park Plans from the Cleveland Public Library. The Book and Paper Group Annual 32 (2013): 82–83.Suche in Google Scholar
Karsten, I. F., Down, J.: The effect of adhesive concentration, reactivation time, and pressure on the peel strength of heat and solvent-reactivated Lascaux 360/498 HV bonds to silk. In: Preprints, ICOM Committee for Conservation, 14th triennial meeting, I. Verger (ed.), The Hague: London, Earthscan Ltd., 2005: 927–935.Suche in Google Scholar
Kato, J.: Zur Konservierung und Restaurierung von Malereien auf Reispapier. Beiträge zur Erhaltung von Kunst- und Kulturgut (2004): 131–132.Suche in Google Scholar
Lechuga, K.: Aquazol-coated remoistenable mending tissues. In: Adhesives and Consolidants for Conservation: research and application. Conference Papers, Canadian Conservation Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, 2011: 13.Suche in Google Scholar
Lucanus, F.: Anleitung zur Restauration alter Oelgemälde und zum Reinigen und Bleichen der Kupferstiche und Holzschnitte. 1. Aufl., Reprint der Ausg. Leipzig, Baumgärtner. Stuttgart: Enke, 199, 1828.Suche in Google Scholar
Masson, O., Strasser, V., Ritter, M.: Ideas for mounting and framing of large-scale works on paper. Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material 35 (2014): 203–214.10.1515/res-2014-0013Suche in Google Scholar
Masuda, K.: Micro-Dot adhering for paper conservation and offset application of paste. Studies in Conservation 47 (2002).10.1179/sic.2002.47.s2.012Suche in Google Scholar
Mehra, V. R.: Further developments in cold-lining (nap-bond system). In: Preprints ICOM Committee for Conservation, 4th triennial meeting, Venice, Paris, 1975: 75115–1–26.Suche in Google Scholar
Niehus, L.: Technical note: A rubber stamp for micro-dot hinging. Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material 35 (2014): 215–229.10.1515/res-2014-0009Suche in Google Scholar
Page, S.: Conservation of nineteenth-century tracing paper: A quick practical approach. The Book & Paper Group Annual 16 (1997): 67–73.Suche in Google Scholar
Pataki, A.: Remoistenable tissue preparation and its practical aspects. Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material 30 (2009): 51–69.10.1515/rest.004Suche in Google Scholar
Pataki-Hundt, A., Hummert, E.: Colour stability of natural adhesives: Light ageing of adhesive films and colour changes of pigment layers after aerosol application. Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material 37 (2016): 137–156.10.1515/res-2015-0020Suche in Google Scholar
Phibbs, H.: Recent developments in preservation of works on paper. The Book & Paper Group Annual 24 (2005): 4763.Suche in Google Scholar
Sheesley, S.: Practival Applications of Lascaux Acrylic Dispersions in Paper Conservation, The Book and Paper Group Annual 30 (2011) 79–81.Suche in Google Scholar
Stanley, T.: A conservation case study of Persian miniatures. Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material 27 (2006): 162–177.10.1515/REST.2006.162Suche in Google Scholar
Titus, S., Schneller, R., Huhsmann, E., Hähner, U., Banik, G.: Stabilising local areas of loss in iron gall ink copy documents from the savigny estate. Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material 30 (2009): 16–50.10.1515/rest.003Suche in Google Scholar
Van Velzen, B.: Make a micro dot stamp for controlling the amount of paste when adhering hinges etc. Journal of Paper Conservation 12 (2011): 34 f.Suche in Google Scholar
Welsch, F.: Vollständige Anweisung zur Restauration der Gemälde in Oel-, Wachs-, Tempera-, Wasser- Miniatur- und Pastellfarben für Kunstliebhaber, Maler, Bronzirer, Tapezirer. Quedlingburg: Basse, 1834.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Characterisation of Drawing Papers for Borko Lazeski’s Cartoons (1951–56)
- Non-Aqueous Facing Methods in Paper Conservation – Part I: Testing Facing Materials
- Non-aqueous Facing Methods in Paper Conservation – Part II: Application of a Facing on a Seventeenth Century Ink Drawing
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Characterisation of Drawing Papers for Borko Lazeski’s Cartoons (1951–56)
- Non-Aqueous Facing Methods in Paper Conservation – Part I: Testing Facing Materials
- Non-aqueous Facing Methods in Paper Conservation – Part II: Application of a Facing on a Seventeenth Century Ink Drawing
