Startseite Influence of loading voltage, domain ratio, and additional load on the actuation of dielectric elastomer
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Influence of loading voltage, domain ratio, and additional load on the actuation of dielectric elastomer

  • Hong Wang und Liang Yang EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 3. März 2022
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Nanotechnology Reviews
Aus der Zeitschrift Nanotechnology Reviews Band 11 Heft 1

Abstract

Dielectric elastomer (DE) is widely used in various fields because of its advantages of large deformation, lightweight, and good flexibility. In this article, based on our previous research work, the actuation performance of the cone dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) is studied first, and the influence of loading voltage, domain ratio, and additional load on the displacement and output force of DEA is analyzed and discussed. Then, a three-dimensional model of displacement and force of DEA is established. At last, the relationship between the structure and the performance of DE is discussed from the microscopic point of view. The results show that the output displacement and force of the cone DEA increase with the increase of loading voltage and additional load. The three-dimensional model graph of cone DEA can reflect the performance change of DEA well. The design with different domain ratios is the key factor that influences the final DEA actuator, which has a great influence on the cross-link density and chain length in the DE structure. By making clear the regulating function of external environment factors, we can design DEA with different configurations, which lays a good foundation for the further development of DEA and enlarges the potential application scope of DEA.

Keywords: EAP; dielectric elastomer; actuation; microconformation

1 Introduction

Electronic electroactive polymers (EAPs) are widely used owing to their excellent flexibility and deformability [1,2]. Dielectric elastomer (DE) is a new type of EAP material, which is prepared by coating the upper and lower surfaces of DE with flexible electrode materials [3,4]. Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) have the advantages of simple structure, direct actuation, low cost, lightweight, low density, large deformation, large displacement, and high efficiency [5,6,7]. It is considered to be an actuation part with important potential application value in the future. After high voltage loading, the positive and negative charges will be distributed to the two flexible electrodes, respectively, and they will be deformed under the action of electrostatic pressure, as shown in Figure 1. Using this feature, DEs can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, making DEA widely used in cardiac membrane pumps, flexible loudspeakers, flow pumps, energy collection devices, microsystem devices, and robots [8,9,10,11,12].

Figure 1 Actuation mechanism of DE materials.
Figure 1

Actuation mechanism of DE materials.

DEs are mainly made of silicone, VHB, polyurethane elastomer, and so on. The mechanical and electrical instability can be reduced by prestretching [13], and prestretching has been included in different deformation models modeled in DEA [14] and it is also involved in applications such as life jackets, artificial skin, and linear actuators [15,16]. It has been shown that the actuation strain of the DE transducer can be increased by 500% [17] and that the biaxial pretension mode can provide a larger actuation strain because the biaxial mode deformation reduces the thickness of the membrane to a greater extent, which leads to an increase in the actuation performance [18]. Therefore, the prestretching of the dielectric material has a great influence on the work and performance of the actuator, which cannot be ignored. At present, researchers at home and abroad have also carried out a lot of research on DEA. The cone-shaped DEA was prepared by Plante and Dubowsky using two actuation units [19]. The maximum displacement and the maximum output force are 12 mm and 6 N, respectively. The finite element analysis of a circular actuator is carried out by Michel et al. [20], the viscoelastic behavior of the actuator is studied, and a new electromechanical coupling model is proposed. Subsequently, Wang et al. showed that the output displacement of the actuator is mainly dependent on the voltage, and the increase of the loading will lead to a significant decrease in the speed of the actuator [21]. More recently, Mathew and Koh investigated DE with inhomogeneous deformation [22] and discussed the influence of the radius ratio and pretension ratio of inner and outer rings on the cone-shaped DEA transducer, finally determining an optimum inner and outer ring ratio and the required prestretching for maximum energy conversion. In order to determine the relationship between material geometry and properties, six DEA models with different shapes were prepared [23]. Based on the assumption that the cross-sections of the cone DEA models are similar and the stress distribution on the membrane is uniform, the influence of the geometry of cone DEA models with offset quality on the performance is studied. Cao et al. [24] designed a double-cone DEA structure, researched its dynamic response, established a research framework of power output performance, and optimized the power output of DEA according to prestretching and the interval length. At the same time, it is found that the performance of DEA is also affected by viscous dissipation and load inertia. Generally speaking, now the research of DE and DEA has made some progress; most of the studies have realized the importance of prestretching but they have not considered the effect of different environments comprehensively, and so, the DEA research is not complete and mature and there are some restrictions on revealing the actuation mechanism of DEA. In this article, the DEA samples with different domain ratios are prepared, the effects of loading voltage, domain ratios, and additional loads on the cone DEA are studied, and the three-dimensional actuation model diagram is established; finally, the theoretical model of the actuation deformation process of DEA is analyzed, which lays a foundation for the later design and application of the cone DEA.

2 Experiment

2.1 Materials

VHB4910 material of 3M Company is chosen as the base membrane of DE. It is a kind of acrylic tape with a thickness of 1 mm. It has the characteristics of super viscosity, good solvent resistance, and high flexibility. Carbon grease with good electrical conductivity is used as a compliant electrode.

2.2 Preparation of cone DEA

The DEA with conical structure mainly consists of an inner frame, outer frame, DE membrane, and an additional loading. The inner and outer frames are printed by Moment 3D printer (2.5–11 micron high precision, 0.02–0.3 mm printing layer) with polylactic acid (PLA) material. The internal and external diameters of the outer frame are 60 and 74 mm, respectively, and the inner frame is 20 mm in diameter. Then, the prestretching, preparation of cone-shaped DEA, electrode painting, and loading are carried out. The detailed preparation steps are described in ref. [25]. It is worth noting that although the copper tape has a certain viscosity, one needs to apply appropriate pressure in contact with the external field electrode so that the bond strength is strong. In addition, the stretching fixation process is divided into two steps. The first step is to fix the stretching elastomer with the inner frame, and the second step is to change the stretching ratio of the elastomer and fix it with the outer frame. In this article, the ratio of different stretching degrees between the inner and outer domains is defined as the domain ratio (ω) under the initial static condition.

After the preparation of DEA is completed, the samples are tested for different environmental factors. Setting the loading voltages to 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 kV, respectively, the domain ratios are 1.00, 1.25, 1.33, and 1.67, with the additional loads of 10, 100, 200, and 300 g.

2.3 Measurements

The experimental devices consist of a high voltage power supply (PS/FX60R05.0-22), a load sensor (FUTEK LBS200), a displacement sensor (KEYENCE IL300), a DEA sample, a data collector (NI-USB 6356), and a processing module. Under the voltage excitation, the DEA actuator will move down in a longitudinal direction, and the displacement and force sensors are used to test in the vertical direction. All measurements are made at room temperature in air.

3 Results and discussion

Due to the special properties of VHB4910, the mechanical properties of VHB4910 have an important influence on the DEA to some extent. The actuation performance of DEA is different because of different external effects. We have successfully prepared DEA samples with different domain ratios and tested the actuation displacement and force of these samples. The influence of different environmental factors on the actuation behavior of DEA is discussed, with emphasis on the influence of the loading voltage, the domain ratio, and the additional load.

3.1 Influence of loading voltages on the actuation of DEA

The actuation force of the DE material is the result of loading voltage, and the influence of different external loading voltage on the final deformation and force of DEA is obvious. Under a domain ratio of 1.25 and an additional load of 200 g, the actuation displacement and force of DEA vary with the loading voltage as shown in Figure 2(a) and (b). As can be seen from the diagram, the displacement and force as a whole increase with the increase of voltage. The change range of displacement is relatively large, first increasing rapidly and then gradually becoming slow. The magnitude of the force is smaller than the displacement, increasing slowly at first and then increasing rapidly. That is, a small load voltage is beneficial to the displacement output, and a large load voltage is beneficial to the actuation force output. At the same time, it is obvious that the actuation displacement under 5 kV is larger than that under other voltages, which shows that the high input voltage provides more actuation energy for DEA, which is very beneficial to the deformation of the actuator. Combined with the actuation principle of the DE material, the higher the applied voltage, the lower the response stress of DEA, and the greater the effect of applied voltage on the response stress, that is, the DEA shows an obvious electromechanical coupling phenomenon.

Figure 2 Actuation performance of conical actuators: (a) loading voltage vs displacement; (b) loading voltage vs force; (c) domain ratio vs displacement; (d) domain ratio vs force; (e) additional load vs displacement; and (f) additional load vs force.
Figure 2

Actuation performance of conical actuators: (a) loading voltage vs displacement; (b) loading voltage vs force; (c) domain ratio vs displacement; (d) domain ratio vs force; (e) additional load vs displacement; and (f) additional load vs force.

3.2 Effect of domain ratios on the actuation of DEA

The different domain ratios are formed by stretching. The tensile deformation of VHB4910 makes the structure of the molecules in VHB slip between the forces, and the molecules entangle each other openly, become straight line slowly, and the molecular chain orients slowly. The breaking of the material is due to the breaking of the chemical bond in the main chain of the molecules, the slippage between the molecules, and the destruction of the intermolecular interaction force. As can be seen, the VHB4910 material is a typical elastic deformation during the tensile process, which is very suitable for DE actuators.

In order to compare the influence degree of different stretchings, the control variable method was used to carry out the actuation test of specimens with different domain ratios under the same additional load (50 g) and loading voltage (5 kV). Figure 2(c) shows the effect of different domain ratios on the actuation displacement of a cone DEA. It can be seen from the graph that the DEA displacement increases first and then decreases with the increase of the domain ratio of the inner domain and the outer domain. Obviously, it is not that the bigger the domain ratio, the bigger the final output displacement, but when the domain ratio is in a certain range, it will be more powerful to the overall DEA’s output distortion. The high output displacement of this kind of cone DEA is not dependent on the properties of the material itself but is probably related to the difference of different domain ratios. In the subsequent process of making the cone DEA, the domain ratio of the inner and outer domains should be taken into account, which is more favorable for maximizing the output-driven performance. Figure 2(d) shows the effect of different domain ratios on the output force of a cone DEA. The influence of different domain ratios on the force is similar to that of the actuation displacement. The DEA reaches the maximum output force of 0.37 N when the domain proportion is 1.25. According to ref. [26], the experiment shows that the smaller the transverse ratio of the pretension index, the greater the retardation force, and the maximum retardation force is obtained at the maximum displacement. Therefore, in the process of applying a cone DEA to different equipment pieces, it is necessary to consider the actual requirements of actuators and select different domain ratios so that the displacement and force output of DEA is ideal.

3.3 Influence of additional loads on the actuation of DEA

In the process of forming the cone DEA, the additional load plays a key role in the actuation performance of the final DEA, and its influence cannot be ignored. This article studies the actuation performance of DEA under different load conditions, as shown in Figure 2(e) and (f). For ease of comparison, the same domain scale of 1.25 and loading voltage of 5 kV are selected. As can be seen from the diagram, the output displacement and the force of the cone DEA increase with the increase of the additional load. When the additional load is too large, the performance of the cone DEA will be seriously affected, and the possibility of breakdown failure of the membrane at low voltage is higher. When selecting the load, although the larger the load, the better the actuation performance, it is important to consider the use of environmental and practical requirements.

3.4 Three-dimensional actuation model diagram of the cone DEA

To establish a model that can predict the response of the cone-shaped DEA actuator, the experimental data are fitted. Two independent variables are domain ratio and applied voltage, additional load and applied voltage, and the dependent variables are displacement and output force. The initial value of the data has an important influence on the convergence of the final model. In order to determine the appropriate initial value quickly, the Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno (BFGS) algorithm is used to extract the initial value randomly so that the optimal solution can be obtained quickly. The BFGS method does not require high precision of one-dimensional search, and the BFGS matrix generated by iteration is not easy to change into a singular matrix, so the numerical stability can be improved.

The output displacement and the output force of the cone DEA are fitted, and the three-dimensional actuation model of the DEA is obtained as shown in Figure 3. It can be seen that the experimental data are very close to the calculated values, and the fitting function can well characterize the characteristic points, and the data other than the experimental data can be obtained (RMSE: root mean square error; DC: decision coefficient). The maximum RMSE of the fitted value and the experimental value is 0.25, which shows that the deviation of the fitted data from the experimental value is small, and the model selection and fitting are ideal and have good accuracy. The DC of both displacement and force is close to 1, which proves the validity of the proposed method and the ability of the regression model to describe the dependence effect. The small change graph on the right-hand side is a cross-section of the three-dimensional graph in different directions. From the graph, we can clearly see the influence of various environmental factors on the displacement and force of the DEA actuator. When the voltage is constant, the actuation displacement and the actuation force show a parabola relationship with the increase of the proportion of the domain and a rapid increase with the increase of the additional load. There is an optimal limit point for the influence of domain ratio on the performance of DEA, and the additional load needs further study on the optimal load, which can guide the later engineering design so as to be applied in practice. When the domain ratio is fixed, the actuation performance of DEA increases with the increase of the loading voltage.

Figure 3 Three-dimensional model diagram for DEA.
Figure 3

Three-dimensional model diagram for DEA.

To analyze the prediction accuracy of the fitting model graph in more detail, five groups of data were randomly selected to verify the results. Table 1 compares the experimental data with the calculated data. The average errors of actuation displacement and force in DEA are 6.05 and 4.09%, respectively. It can be seen that the model can show the relationship among the parameters in a certain range and under certain conditions, which lays a foundation for the further development of DEA in the later period.

Table 1

Comparison of experimental and calculated values

No. Applied voltage (kV) Domain ratio Additional load (g) Displacement (mm)
Experimental value Calculated value Error rate (%)
1 2 1.25 200 0.6 0.633 5.50
2 4 1.33 50 0.5 0.467 6.60
No. Applied voltage (kV) Domain ratio Additional load (g) Force (N)
Experimental value Calculated value Error rate (%)
3 5 1.25 100 0.591 0.602 1.86
4 4 1.25 300 1.189 1.188 0.08
5 3 1.67 50 0.126 0.139 10.32

3.5 Microconformation of the cone DEA

The cone DEA is composed of a planar annular DE membrane and two fixed elements, and the membrane is coated with a stretchable electrode. When voltage is applied to the DEA electrode, the incompressibility of the DE membrane causes a certain proportion of deformation, which leads to the increase of the distance between the inner domain and the outer domain. Assuming that the deformations of the DE membrane are uniform and the electrode can be stretched freely, the deformations of the DEA are characterized by the viscoelastic response of the hyperelastic model without considering the effects of the electrode resistivity and leakage current, so DE’s mechanical free energy density ( W ) function can be seen as a function of stretching ( λ ), which can be expressed as

(1) W ( λ 1 , λ 2 ) = W ( λ 2 , λ 1 ) , ∀ λ 1 , λ 2 .

Compared with other hyperelastic strain energy models, the Gent model can better characterize the deformation behavior and nonlinear mechanical properties of DEA [25], and the free energy density can be expressed as

(2) W = − N K T 2 J lim log 1 − λ 1 2 + λ 2 2 + λ 3 2 − 3 J lim ,

where N is the cross-linking number in the unit volume of the polymer, k is the Boltzmann constant, and T is the temperature. N k T is the small strain shear modulus, which shows the cross-linking density of the macromolecular chain in the polymer, while J is a constant related to the ultimate tensile strength and generally represents the chain length of the macromolecular chain. The resulting free energy is caused by the change in the entropy of the polymer chain as it is deformed.

In order to explain the deformation principle of DEA from a microcosmic point of view, the strain energy of DEA is analyzed by random selection of external environmental factors: loading voltage, 4 kV; domain ratio, 1.33; additional load, 300 g. Figure 4(a) shows the effect of different variables on the free energy density. It can be seen that when the crosslinking density is constant, the free energy density decreases rapidly at first and then becomes slowly constant with the increase of the chain length. When the chain length is fixed, the higher the crosslinking density, the higher the free energy density is. With the increase of λ 1 2 + λ 2 2 + λ 3 2 , the free energy density increases rapidly when both the chain length and the cross-linking density are fixed.

Figure 4 The change of free energy density and microcondensation of the cone DEA.
Figure 4

The change of free energy density and microcondensation of the cone DEA.

The DE material itself is a kind of polymer elastomer with a cross-linked macromolecule chain, and its microstructure determines the actuation performance of the later voltage excitation. Figure 4(b) shows the microstructural changes of the DEA designed in this article, where the circle represents the cross-linking key and the solid line represents the chain length. The initial DE is a soft state, and, under external tensile deformation conditions, the macromolecule chain will open and stretch. Under external conditions, such as additional load and applied voltage, the DE material will stretch further until it reaches its limit state, then harden rapidly and break, which is mainly due to the nonlinear growth of the elastic modulus of the material before fracture. It is worth noting the state of the third microstructure in Figure 4(b), which is the relaxation operation specially designed in this article after stretching, that is, the difference in the stretching state between the inner and outer domains expressed as the different domain ratios. This process not only increases the cross-linking density per unit volume but also increases the chain length, which ensures the good ductility of DE and shows the strain-strengthening effect of the DE material; this effect can improve the electric breakdown limit of the material. In the process of deformation, the macromolecule segment of the material is subjected to internal friction due to its high viscoelasticity, and the motion of the flexible segment also produces some physical cross-links. Under uniaxial tension, the chains and crosslinks can shrink freely in the width direction but are limited by the stress in the length direction. Under pure shear, the chains and crosslinks cannot shrink freely in the width direction [27], which shows that the behavior of DE in different deformation modes is different due to the tensile constraints of the chains; therefore, its actuation characteristics, failure stress, and other characteristics will be different.

4 Conclusion

In this article, the actuation characteristics of DE materials are analyzed and discussed in depth on the basis of our previous research work [25]. First, the influence of different environmental factors on the actuation force and displacement of the cone DEA is studied, including the loading voltage, the domain ratio, and the additional load. Then, the displacement and force three-dimensional actuation models of DEA are established to reveal the actuation characteristics of different environmental factors. At last, the process of DEA’s actuation from the microcosmic angle is explained. The results show that the output displacement and force of the cone DEA increase with the increase of the loading voltage and additional load. The different domain ratio design is the key factor that influences the final DEA actuator. The predicted values are in good agreement with the experimental values, RMSE is small, and the DC is close to 1. The cross-linking density and the chain length of DE materials will change significantly under the influence of different environmental factors, in which the macromolecule chain length ensures good ductility of DE materials. By effectively controlling the external environment factors, the performance of the cone DEA can be designed to meet the actual device requirements of the actuator.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to express profound gratitude to Prof. Marcelo H. Ang Jr from National University of Singapore for providing the experimental equipment and platform.

  1. Funding information: This work was supported by the China Scholarship Council (202006280409) and the PhD research startup foundation of Yan’an University (YDBK2021-09).

  2. Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Data availability statement: All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

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Received: 2021-11-26
Revised: 2022-02-02
Accepted: 2022-02-15
Published Online: 2022-03-03

© 2022 Hong Wang and Liang Yang, published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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  35. Polyethyleneimine-impregnated activated carbon nanofiber composited graphene-derived rice husk char for efficient post-combustion CO2 capture
  36. Electrospun nanofibers of Co3O4 nanocrystals encapsulated in cyclized-polyacrylonitrile for lithium storage
  37. Pitting corrosion induced on high-strength high carbon steel wire in high alkaline deaerated chloride electrolyte
  38. Formulation of polymeric nanoparticles loaded sorafenib; evaluation of cytotoxicity, molecular evaluation, and gene expression studies in lung and breast cancer cell lines
  39. Engineered nanocomposites in asphalt binders
  40. Influence of loading voltage, domain ratio, and additional load on the actuation of dielectric elastomer
  41. Thermally induced hex-graphene transitions in 2D carbon crystals
  42. The surface modification effect on the interfacial properties of glass fiber-reinforced epoxy: A molecular dynamics study
  43. Molecular dynamics study of deformation mechanism of interfacial microzone of Cu/Al2Cu/Al composites under tension
  44. Nanocolloid simulators of luminescent solar concentrator photovoltaic windows
  45. Compressive strength and anti-chloride ion penetration assessment of geopolymer mortar merging PVA fiber and nano-SiO2 using RBF–BP composite neural network
  46. Effect of 3-mercapto-1-propane sulfonate sulfonic acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone on the growth of cobalt pillar by electrodeposition
  47. Dynamics of convective slippery constraints on hybrid radiative Sutterby nanofluid flow by Galerkin finite element simulation
  48. Preparation of vanadium by the magnesiothermic self-propagating reduction and process control
  49. Microstructure-dependent photoelectrocatalytic activity of heterogeneous ZnO–ZnS nanosheets
  50. Cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects of molybdenum and tungsten disulphide on human bronchial cells
  51. Improving recycled aggregate concrete by compression casting and nano-silica
  52. Chemically reactive Maxwell nanoliquid flow by a stretching surface in the frames of Newtonian heating, nonlinear convection and radiative flux: Nanopolymer flow processing simulation
  53. Nonlinear dynamic and crack behaviors of carbon nanotubes-reinforced composites with various geometries
  54. Biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles and its therapeutic efficacy against colon cancer
  55. Synthesis and characterization of smart stimuli-responsive herbal drug-encapsulated nanoniosome particles for efficient treatment of breast cancer
  56. Homotopic simulation for heat transport phenomenon of the Burgers nanofluids flow over a stretching cylinder with thermal convective and zero mass flux conditions
  57. Incorporation of copper and strontium ions in TiO2 nanotubes via dopamine to enhance hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility
  58. Mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties of starch films incorporated with chitosan nanoparticles
  59. Mechanical properties and microstructure of nano-strengthened recycled aggregate concrete
  60. Glucose-responsive nanogels efficiently maintain the stability and activity of therapeutic enzymes
  61. Tunning matrix rheology and mechanical performance of ultra-high performance concrete using cellulose nanofibers
  62. Flexible MXene/copper/cellulose nanofiber heat spreader films with enhanced thermal conductivity
  63. Promoted charge separation and specific surface area via interlacing of N-doped titanium dioxide nanotubes on carbon nitride nanosheets for photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B
  64. Elucidating the role of silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles in mitigating the disease of the eggplant caused by Phomopsis vexans, Ralstonia solanacearum, and root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita
  65. An implication of magnetic dipole in Carreau Yasuda liquid influenced by engine oil using ternary hybrid nanomaterial
  66. Robust synthesis of a composite phase of copper vanadium oxide with enhanced performance for durable aqueous Zn-ion batteries
  67. Tunning self-assembled phases of bovine serum albumin via hydrothermal process to synthesize novel functional hydrogel for skin protection against UVB
  68. A comparative experimental study on damping properties of epoxy nanocomposite beams reinforced with carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets
  69. Lightweight and hydrophobic Ni/GO/PVA composite aerogels for ultrahigh performance electromagnetic interference shielding
  70. Research on the auxetic behavior and mechanical properties of periodically rotating graphene nanostructures
  71. Repairing performances of novel cement mortar modified with graphene oxide and polyacrylate polymer
  72. Closed-loop recycling and fabrication of hydrophilic CNT films with high performance
  73. Design of thin-film configuration of SnO2–Ag2O composites for NO2 gas-sensing applications
  74. Study on stress distribution of SiC/Al composites based on microstructure models with microns and nanoparticles
  75. PVDF green nanofibers as potential carriers for improving self-healing and mechanical properties of carbon fiber/epoxy prepregs
  76. Osteogenesis capability of three-dimensionally printed poly(lactic acid)-halloysite nanotube scaffolds containing strontium ranelate
  77. Silver nanoparticles induce mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and late non-canonical autophagy in HT-29 colon cancer cells
  78. Preparation and bonding mechanisms of polymer/metal hybrid composite by nano molding technology
  79. Damage self-sensing and strain monitoring of glass-reinforced epoxy composite impregnated with graphene nanoplatelet and multiwalled carbon nanotubes
  80. Thermal analysis characterisation of solar-powered ship using Oldroyd hybrid nanofluids in parabolic trough solar collector: An optimal thermal application
  81. Pyrene-functionalized halloysite nanotubes for simultaneously detecting and separating Hg(ii) in aqueous media: A comprehensive comparison on interparticle and intraparticle excimers
  82. Fabrication of self-assembly CNT flexible film and its piezoresistive sensing behaviors
  83. Thermal valuation and entropy inspection of second-grade nanoscale fluid flow over a stretching surface by applying Koo–Kleinstreuer–Li relation
  84. Mechanical properties and microstructure of nano-SiO2 and basalt-fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete
  85. Characterization and tribology performance of polyaniline-coated nanodiamond lubricant additives
  86. Combined impact of Marangoni convection and thermophoretic particle deposition on chemically reactive transport of nanofluid flow over a stretching surface
  87. Spark plasma extrusion of binder free hydroxyapatite powder
  88. An investigation on thermo-mechanical performance of graphene-oxide-reinforced shape memory polymer
  89. Effect of nanoadditives on the novel leather fiber/recycled poly(ethylene-vinyl-acetate) polymer composites for multifunctional applications: Fabrication, characterizations, and multiobjective optimization using central composite design
  90. Design selection for a hemispherical dimple core sandwich panel using hybrid multi-criteria decision-making methods
  91. Improving tensile strength and impact toughness of plasticized poly(lactic acid) biocomposites by incorporating nanofibrillated cellulose
  92. Green synthesis of spinel copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) nanoparticles and their toxicity
  93. The effect of TaC and NbC hybrid and mono-nanoparticles on AA2024 nanocomposites: Microstructure, strengthening, and artificial aging
  94. Excited-state geometry relaxation of pyrene-modified cellulose nanocrystals under UV-light excitation for detecting Fe3+
  95. Effect of CNTs and MEA on the creep of face-slab concrete at an early age
  96. Effect of deformation conditions on compression phase transformation of AZ31
  97. Application of MXene as a new generation of highly conductive coating materials for electromembrane-surrounded solid-phase microextraction
  98. A comparative study of the elasto-plastic properties for ceramic nanocomposites filled by graphene or graphene oxide nanoplates
  99. Encapsulation strategies for improving the biological behavior of CdS@ZIF-8 nanocomposites
  100. Biosynthesis of ZnO NPs from pumpkin seeds’ extract and elucidation of its anticancer potential against breast cancer
  101. Preliminary trials of the gold nanoparticles conjugated chrysin: An assessment of anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and in vitro cytotoxic activities of a nanoformulated flavonoid
  102. Effect of micron-scale pores increased by nano-SiO2 sol modification on the strength of cement mortar
  103. Fractional simulations for thermal flow of hybrid nanofluid with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide nanoparticles with water and blood base fluids
  104. The effect of graphene nano-powder on the viscosity of water: An experimental study and artificial neural network modeling
  105. Development of a novel heat- and shear-resistant nano-silica gelling agent
  106. Characterization, biocompatibility and in vivo of nominal MnO2-containing wollastonite glass-ceramic
  107. Entropy production simulation of second-grade magnetic nanomaterials flowing across an expanding surface with viscidness dissipative flux
  108. Enhancement in structural, morphological, and optical properties of copper oxide for optoelectronic device applications
  109. Aptamer-functionalized chitosan-coated gold nanoparticle complex as a suitable targeted drug carrier for improved breast cancer treatment
  110. Performance and overall evaluation of nano-alumina-modified asphalt mixture
  111. Analysis of pure nanofluid (GO/engine oil) and hybrid nanofluid (GO–Fe3O4/engine oil): Novel thermal and magnetic features
  112. Synthesis of Ag@AgCl modified anatase/rutile/brookite mixed phase TiO2 and their photocatalytic property
  113. Mechanisms and influential variables on the abrasion resistance hydraulic concrete
  114. Synergistic reinforcement mechanism of basalt fiber/cellulose nanocrystals/polypropylene composites
  115. Achieving excellent oxidation resistance and mechanical properties of TiB2–B4C/carbon aerogel composites by quick-gelation and mechanical mixing
  116. Microwave-assisted sol–gel template-free synthesis and characterization of silica nanoparticles obtained from South African coal fly ash
  117. Pulsed laser-assisted synthesis of nano nickel(ii) oxide-anchored graphitic carbon nitride: Characterizations and their potential antibacterial/anti-biofilm applications
  118. Effects of nano-ZrSi2 on thermal stability of phenolic resin and thermal reusability of quartz–phenolic composites
  119. Benzaldehyde derivatives on tin electroplating as corrosion resistance for fabricating copper circuit
  120. Mechanical and heat transfer properties of 4D-printed shape memory graphene oxide/epoxy acrylate composites
  121. Coupling the vanadium-induced amorphous/crystalline NiFe2O4 with phosphide heterojunction toward active oxygen evolution reaction catalysts
  122. Graphene-oxide-reinforced cement composites mechanical and microstructural characteristics at elevated temperatures
  123. Gray correlation analysis of factors influencing compressive strength and durability of nano-SiO2 and PVA fiber reinforced geopolymer mortar
  124. Preparation of layered gradient Cu–Cr–Ti alloy with excellent mechanical properties, thermal stability, and electrical conductivity
  125. Recovery of Cr from chrome-containing leather wastes to develop aluminum-based composite material along with Al2O3 ceramic particles: An ingenious approach
  126. Mechanisms of the improved stiffness of flexible polymers under impact loading
  127. Anticancer potential of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using a battery of in vitro tests
  128. Review Articles
  129. Proposed approaches for coronaviruses elimination from wastewater: Membrane techniques and nanotechnology solutions
  130. Application of Pickering emulsion in oil drilling and production
  131. The contribution of microfluidics to the fight against tuberculosis
  132. Graphene-based biosensors for disease theranostics: Development, applications, and recent advancements
  133. Synthesis and encapsulation of iron oxide nanorods for application in magnetic hyperthermia and photothermal therapy
  134. Contemporary nano-architectured drugs and leads for ανβ3 integrin-based chemotherapy: Rationale and retrospect
  135. State-of-the-art review of fabrication, application, and mechanical properties of functionally graded porous nanocomposite materials
  136. Insights on magnetic spinel ferrites for targeted drug delivery and hyperthermia applications
  137. A review on heterogeneous oxidation of acetaminophen based on micro and nanoparticles catalyzed by different activators
  138. Early diagnosis of lung cancer using magnetic nanoparticles-integrated systems
  139. Advances in ZnO: Manipulation of defects for enhancing their technological potentials
  140. Efficacious nanomedicine track toward combating COVID-19
  141. A review of the design, processes, and properties of Mg-based composites
  142. Green synthesis of nanoparticles for varied applications: Green renewable resources and energy-efficient synthetic routes
  143. Two-dimensional nanomaterial-based polymer composites: Fundamentals and applications
  144. Recent progress and challenges in plasmonic nanomaterials
  145. Apoptotic cell-derived micro/nanosized extracellular vesicles in tissue regeneration
  146. Electronic noses based on metal oxide nanowires: A review
  147. Framework materials for supercapacitors
  148. An overview on the reproductive toxicity of graphene derivatives: Highlighting the importance
  149. Antibacterial nanomaterials: Upcoming hope to overcome antibiotic resistance crisis
  150. Research progress of carbon materials in the field of three-dimensional printing polymer nanocomposites
  151. A review of atomic layer deposition modelling and simulation methodologies: Density functional theory and molecular dynamics
  152. Recent advances in the preparation of PVDF-based piezoelectric materials
  153. Recent developments in tensile properties of friction welding of carbon fiber-reinforced composite: A review
  154. Comprehensive review of the properties of fly ash-based geopolymer with additive of nano-SiO2
  155. Perspectives in biopolymer/graphene-based composite application: Advances, challenges, and recommendations
  156. Graphene-based nanocomposite using new modeling molecular dynamic simulations for proposed neutralizing mechanism and real-time sensing of COVID-19
  157. Nanotechnology application on bamboo materials: A review
  158. Recent developments and future perspectives of biorenewable nanocomposites for advanced applications
  159. Nanostructured lipid carrier system: A compendium of their formulation development approaches, optimization strategies by quality by design, and recent applications in drug delivery
  160. 3D printing customized design of human bone tissue implant and its application
  161. Design, preparation, and functionalization of nanobiomaterials for enhanced efficacy in current and future biomedical applications
  162. A brief review of nanoparticles-doped PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite for OLED and OPV
  163. Nanotechnology interventions as a putative tool for the treatment of dental afflictions
  164. Recent advancements in metal–organic frameworks integrating quantum dots (QDs@MOF) and their potential applications
  165. A focused review of short electrospun nanofiber preparation techniques for composite reinforcement
  166. Microstructural characteristics and nano-modification of interfacial transition zone in concrete: A review
  167. Latest developments in the upconversion nanotechnology for the rapid detection of food safety: A review
  168. Strategic applications of nano-fertilizers for sustainable agriculture: Benefits and bottlenecks
  169. Molecular dynamics application of cocrystal energetic materials: A review
  170. Synthesis and application of nanometer hydroxyapatite in biomedicine
  171. Cutting-edge development in waste-recycled nanomaterials for energy storage and conversion applications
  172. Biological applications of ternary quantum dots: A review
  173. Nanotherapeutics for hydrogen sulfide-involved treatment: An emerging approach for cancer therapy
  174. Application of antibacterial nanoparticles in orthodontic materials
  175. Effect of natural-based biological hydrogels combined with growth factors on skin wound healing
  176. Nanozymes – A route to overcome microbial resistance: A viewpoint
  177. Recent developments and applications of smart nanoparticles in biomedicine
  178. Contemporary review on carbon nanotube (CNT) composites and their impact on multifarious applications
  179. Interfacial interactions and reinforcing mechanisms of cellulose and chitin nanomaterials and starch derivatives for cement and concrete strength and durability enhancement: A review
  180. Diamond-like carbon films for tribological modification of rubber
  181. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) modified cement-based materials: A systematic review
  182. Recent research progress and advanced applications of silica/polymer nanocomposites
  183. Modeling of supramolecular biopolymers: Leading the in silico revolution of tissue engineering and nanomedicine
  184. Recent advances in perovskites-based optoelectronics
  185. Biogenic synthesis of palladium nanoparticles: New production methods and applications
  186. A comprehensive review of nanofluids with fractional derivatives: Modeling and application
  187. Electrospinning of marine polysaccharides: Processing and chemical aspects, challenges, and future prospects
  188. Electrohydrodynamic printing for demanding devices: A review of processing and applications
  189. Rapid Communications
  190. Structural material with designed thermal twist for a simple actuation
  191. Recent advances in photothermal materials for solar-driven crude oil adsorption
https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2022-0061
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
EAP; dielectric elastomer; actuation; microconformation
Creative Commons
BY 4.0

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Research Articles
  2. Theoretical and experimental investigation of MWCNT dispersion effect on the elastic modulus of flexible PDMS/MWCNT nanocomposites
  3. Mechanical, morphological, and fracture-deformation behavior of MWCNTs-reinforced (Al–Cu–Mg–T351) alloy cast nanocomposites fabricated by optimized mechanical milling and powder metallurgy techniques
  4. Flammability and physical stability of sugar palm crystalline nanocellulose reinforced thermoplastic sugar palm starch/poly(lactic acid) blend bionanocomposites
  5. Glutathione-loaded non-ionic surfactant niosomes: A new approach to improve oral bioavailability and hepatoprotective efficacy of glutathione
  6. Relationship between mechano-bactericidal activity and nanoblades density on chemically strengthened glass
  7. In situ regulation of microstructure and microwave-absorbing properties of FeSiAl through HNO3 oxidation
  8. Research on a mechanical model of magnetorheological fluid different diameter particles
  9. Nanomechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of rubber–wood–plastic composites
  10. Investigative properties of CeO2 doped with niobium: A combined characterization and DFT studies
  11. Miniaturized peptidomimetics and nano-vesiculation in endothelin types through probable nano-disk formation and structure property relationships of endothelins’ fragments
  12. N/S co-doped CoSe/C nanocubes as anode materials for Li-ion batteries
  13. Synergistic effects of halloysite nanotubes with metal and phosphorus additives on the optimal design of eco-friendly sandwich panels with maximum flame resistance and minimum weight
  14. Octreotide-conjugated silver nanoparticles for active targeting of somatostatin receptors and their application in a nebulized rat model
  15. Controllable morphology of Bi2S3 nanostructures formed via hydrothermal vulcanization of Bi2O3 thin-film layer and their photoelectrocatalytic performances
  16. Development of (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate-loaded folate receptor-targeted nanoparticles for prostate cancer treatment
  17. Enhancement of the mechanical properties of HDPE mineral nanocomposites by filler particles modulation of the matrix plastic/elastic behavior
  18. Effect of plasticizers on the properties of sugar palm nanocellulose/cinnamon essential oil reinforced starch bionanocomposite films
  19. Optimization of nano coating to reduce the thermal deformation of ball screws
  20. Preparation of efficient piezoelectric PVDF–HFP/Ni composite films by high electric field poling
  21. MHD dissipative Casson nanofluid liquid film flow due to an unsteady stretching sheet with radiation influence and slip velocity phenomenon
  22. Effects of nano-SiO2 modification on rubberised mortar and concrete with recycled coarse aggregates
  23. Mechanical and microscopic properties of fiber-reinforced coal gangue-based geopolymer concrete
  24. Effect of morphology and size on the thermodynamic stability of cerium oxide nanoparticles: Experiment and molecular dynamics calculation
  25. Mechanical performance of a CFRP composite reinforced via gelatin-CNTs: A study on fiber interfacial enhancement and matrix enhancement
  26. A practical review over surface modification, nanopatterns, emerging materials, drug delivery systems, and their biophysiochemical properties for dental implants: Recent progresses and advances
  27. HTR: An ultra-high speed algorithm for cage recognition of clathrate hydrates
  28. Effects of microalloying elements added by in situ synthesis on the microstructure of WCu composites
  29. A highly sensitive nanobiosensor based on aptamer-conjugated graphene-decorated rhodium nanoparticles for detection of HER2-positive circulating tumor cells
  30. Progressive collapse performance of shear strengthened RC frames by nano CFRP
  31. Core–shell heterostructured composites of carbon nanotubes and imine-linked hyperbranched polymers as metal-free Li-ion anodes
  32. A Galerkin strategy for tri-hybridized mixture in ethylene glycol comprising variable diffusion and thermal conductivity using non-Fourier’s theory
  33. Simple models for tensile modulus of shape memory polymer nanocomposites at ambient temperature
  34. Preparation and morphological studies of tin sulfide nanoparticles and use as efficient photocatalysts for the degradation of rhodamine B and phenol
  35. Polyethyleneimine-impregnated activated carbon nanofiber composited graphene-derived rice husk char for efficient post-combustion CO2 capture
  36. Electrospun nanofibers of Co3O4 nanocrystals encapsulated in cyclized-polyacrylonitrile for lithium storage
  37. Pitting corrosion induced on high-strength high carbon steel wire in high alkaline deaerated chloride electrolyte
  38. Formulation of polymeric nanoparticles loaded sorafenib; evaluation of cytotoxicity, molecular evaluation, and gene expression studies in lung and breast cancer cell lines
  39. Engineered nanocomposites in asphalt binders
  40. Influence of loading voltage, domain ratio, and additional load on the actuation of dielectric elastomer
  41. Thermally induced hex-graphene transitions in 2D carbon crystals
  42. The surface modification effect on the interfacial properties of glass fiber-reinforced epoxy: A molecular dynamics study
  43. Molecular dynamics study of deformation mechanism of interfacial microzone of Cu/Al2Cu/Al composites under tension
  44. Nanocolloid simulators of luminescent solar concentrator photovoltaic windows
  45. Compressive strength and anti-chloride ion penetration assessment of geopolymer mortar merging PVA fiber and nano-SiO2 using RBF–BP composite neural network
  46. Effect of 3-mercapto-1-propane sulfonate sulfonic acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone on the growth of cobalt pillar by electrodeposition
  47. Dynamics of convective slippery constraints on hybrid radiative Sutterby nanofluid flow by Galerkin finite element simulation
  48. Preparation of vanadium by the magnesiothermic self-propagating reduction and process control
  49. Microstructure-dependent photoelectrocatalytic activity of heterogeneous ZnO–ZnS nanosheets
  50. Cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects of molybdenum and tungsten disulphide on human bronchial cells
  51. Improving recycled aggregate concrete by compression casting and nano-silica
  52. Chemically reactive Maxwell nanoliquid flow by a stretching surface in the frames of Newtonian heating, nonlinear convection and radiative flux: Nanopolymer flow processing simulation
  53. Nonlinear dynamic and crack behaviors of carbon nanotubes-reinforced composites with various geometries
  54. Biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles and its therapeutic efficacy against colon cancer
  55. Synthesis and characterization of smart stimuli-responsive herbal drug-encapsulated nanoniosome particles for efficient treatment of breast cancer
  56. Homotopic simulation for heat transport phenomenon of the Burgers nanofluids flow over a stretching cylinder with thermal convective and zero mass flux conditions
  57. Incorporation of copper and strontium ions in TiO2 nanotubes via dopamine to enhance hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility
  58. Mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties of starch films incorporated with chitosan nanoparticles
  59. Mechanical properties and microstructure of nano-strengthened recycled aggregate concrete
  60. Glucose-responsive nanogels efficiently maintain the stability and activity of therapeutic enzymes
  61. Tunning matrix rheology and mechanical performance of ultra-high performance concrete using cellulose nanofibers
  62. Flexible MXene/copper/cellulose nanofiber heat spreader films with enhanced thermal conductivity
  63. Promoted charge separation and specific surface area via interlacing of N-doped titanium dioxide nanotubes on carbon nitride nanosheets for photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B
  64. Elucidating the role of silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles in mitigating the disease of the eggplant caused by Phomopsis vexans, Ralstonia solanacearum, and root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita
  65. An implication of magnetic dipole in Carreau Yasuda liquid influenced by engine oil using ternary hybrid nanomaterial
  66. Robust synthesis of a composite phase of copper vanadium oxide with enhanced performance for durable aqueous Zn-ion batteries
  67. Tunning self-assembled phases of bovine serum albumin via hydrothermal process to synthesize novel functional hydrogel for skin protection against UVB
  68. A comparative experimental study on damping properties of epoxy nanocomposite beams reinforced with carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets
  69. Lightweight and hydrophobic Ni/GO/PVA composite aerogels for ultrahigh performance electromagnetic interference shielding
  70. Research on the auxetic behavior and mechanical properties of periodically rotating graphene nanostructures
  71. Repairing performances of novel cement mortar modified with graphene oxide and polyacrylate polymer
  72. Closed-loop recycling and fabrication of hydrophilic CNT films with high performance
  73. Design of thin-film configuration of SnO2–Ag2O composites for NO2 gas-sensing applications
  74. Study on stress distribution of SiC/Al composites based on microstructure models with microns and nanoparticles
  75. PVDF green nanofibers as potential carriers for improving self-healing and mechanical properties of carbon fiber/epoxy prepregs
  76. Osteogenesis capability of three-dimensionally printed poly(lactic acid)-halloysite nanotube scaffolds containing strontium ranelate
  77. Silver nanoparticles induce mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and late non-canonical autophagy in HT-29 colon cancer cells
  78. Preparation and bonding mechanisms of polymer/metal hybrid composite by nano molding technology
  79. Damage self-sensing and strain monitoring of glass-reinforced epoxy composite impregnated with graphene nanoplatelet and multiwalled carbon nanotubes
  80. Thermal analysis characterisation of solar-powered ship using Oldroyd hybrid nanofluids in parabolic trough solar collector: An optimal thermal application
  81. Pyrene-functionalized halloysite nanotubes for simultaneously detecting and separating Hg(ii) in aqueous media: A comprehensive comparison on interparticle and intraparticle excimers
  82. Fabrication of self-assembly CNT flexible film and its piezoresistive sensing behaviors
  83. Thermal valuation and entropy inspection of second-grade nanoscale fluid flow over a stretching surface by applying Koo–Kleinstreuer–Li relation
  84. Mechanical properties and microstructure of nano-SiO2 and basalt-fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete
  85. Characterization and tribology performance of polyaniline-coated nanodiamond lubricant additives
  86. Combined impact of Marangoni convection and thermophoretic particle deposition on chemically reactive transport of nanofluid flow over a stretching surface
  87. Spark plasma extrusion of binder free hydroxyapatite powder
  88. An investigation on thermo-mechanical performance of graphene-oxide-reinforced shape memory polymer
  89. Effect of nanoadditives on the novel leather fiber/recycled poly(ethylene-vinyl-acetate) polymer composites for multifunctional applications: Fabrication, characterizations, and multiobjective optimization using central composite design
  90. Design selection for a hemispherical dimple core sandwich panel using hybrid multi-criteria decision-making methods
  91. Improving tensile strength and impact toughness of plasticized poly(lactic acid) biocomposites by incorporating nanofibrillated cellulose
  92. Green synthesis of spinel copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) nanoparticles and their toxicity
  93. The effect of TaC and NbC hybrid and mono-nanoparticles on AA2024 nanocomposites: Microstructure, strengthening, and artificial aging
  94. Excited-state geometry relaxation of pyrene-modified cellulose nanocrystals under UV-light excitation for detecting Fe3+
  95. Effect of CNTs and MEA on the creep of face-slab concrete at an early age
  96. Effect of deformation conditions on compression phase transformation of AZ31
  97. Application of MXene as a new generation of highly conductive coating materials for electromembrane-surrounded solid-phase microextraction
  98. A comparative study of the elasto-plastic properties for ceramic nanocomposites filled by graphene or graphene oxide nanoplates
  99. Encapsulation strategies for improving the biological behavior of CdS@ZIF-8 nanocomposites
  100. Biosynthesis of ZnO NPs from pumpkin seeds’ extract and elucidation of its anticancer potential against breast cancer
  101. Preliminary trials of the gold nanoparticles conjugated chrysin: An assessment of anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and in vitro cytotoxic activities of a nanoformulated flavonoid
  102. Effect of micron-scale pores increased by nano-SiO2 sol modification on the strength of cement mortar
  103. Fractional simulations for thermal flow of hybrid nanofluid with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide nanoparticles with water and blood base fluids
  104. The effect of graphene nano-powder on the viscosity of water: An experimental study and artificial neural network modeling
  105. Development of a novel heat- and shear-resistant nano-silica gelling agent
  106. Characterization, biocompatibility and in vivo of nominal MnO2-containing wollastonite glass-ceramic
  107. Entropy production simulation of second-grade magnetic nanomaterials flowing across an expanding surface with viscidness dissipative flux
  108. Enhancement in structural, morphological, and optical properties of copper oxide for optoelectronic device applications
  109. Aptamer-functionalized chitosan-coated gold nanoparticle complex as a suitable targeted drug carrier for improved breast cancer treatment
  110. Performance and overall evaluation of nano-alumina-modified asphalt mixture
  111. Analysis of pure nanofluid (GO/engine oil) and hybrid nanofluid (GO–Fe3O4/engine oil): Novel thermal and magnetic features
  112. Synthesis of Ag@AgCl modified anatase/rutile/brookite mixed phase TiO2 and their photocatalytic property
  113. Mechanisms and influential variables on the abrasion resistance hydraulic concrete
  114. Synergistic reinforcement mechanism of basalt fiber/cellulose nanocrystals/polypropylene composites
  115. Achieving excellent oxidation resistance and mechanical properties of TiB2–B4C/carbon aerogel composites by quick-gelation and mechanical mixing
  116. Microwave-assisted sol–gel template-free synthesis and characterization of silica nanoparticles obtained from South African coal fly ash
  117. Pulsed laser-assisted synthesis of nano nickel(ii) oxide-anchored graphitic carbon nitride: Characterizations and their potential antibacterial/anti-biofilm applications
  118. Effects of nano-ZrSi2 on thermal stability of phenolic resin and thermal reusability of quartz–phenolic composites
  119. Benzaldehyde derivatives on tin electroplating as corrosion resistance for fabricating copper circuit
  120. Mechanical and heat transfer properties of 4D-printed shape memory graphene oxide/epoxy acrylate composites
  121. Coupling the vanadium-induced amorphous/crystalline NiFe2O4 with phosphide heterojunction toward active oxygen evolution reaction catalysts
  122. Graphene-oxide-reinforced cement composites mechanical and microstructural characteristics at elevated temperatures
  123. Gray correlation analysis of factors influencing compressive strength and durability of nano-SiO2 and PVA fiber reinforced geopolymer mortar
  124. Preparation of layered gradient Cu–Cr–Ti alloy with excellent mechanical properties, thermal stability, and electrical conductivity
  125. Recovery of Cr from chrome-containing leather wastes to develop aluminum-based composite material along with Al2O3 ceramic particles: An ingenious approach
  126. Mechanisms of the improved stiffness of flexible polymers under impact loading
  127. Anticancer potential of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using a battery of in vitro tests
  128. Review Articles
  129. Proposed approaches for coronaviruses elimination from wastewater: Membrane techniques and nanotechnology solutions
  130. Application of Pickering emulsion in oil drilling and production
  131. The contribution of microfluidics to the fight against tuberculosis
  132. Graphene-based biosensors for disease theranostics: Development, applications, and recent advancements
  133. Synthesis and encapsulation of iron oxide nanorods for application in magnetic hyperthermia and photothermal therapy
  134. Contemporary nano-architectured drugs and leads for ανβ3 integrin-based chemotherapy: Rationale and retrospect
  135. State-of-the-art review of fabrication, application, and mechanical properties of functionally graded porous nanocomposite materials
  136. Insights on magnetic spinel ferrites for targeted drug delivery and hyperthermia applications
  137. A review on heterogeneous oxidation of acetaminophen based on micro and nanoparticles catalyzed by different activators
  138. Early diagnosis of lung cancer using magnetic nanoparticles-integrated systems
  139. Advances in ZnO: Manipulation of defects for enhancing their technological potentials
  140. Efficacious nanomedicine track toward combating COVID-19
  141. A review of the design, processes, and properties of Mg-based composites
  142. Green synthesis of nanoparticles for varied applications: Green renewable resources and energy-efficient synthetic routes
  143. Two-dimensional nanomaterial-based polymer composites: Fundamentals and applications
  144. Recent progress and challenges in plasmonic nanomaterials
  145. Apoptotic cell-derived micro/nanosized extracellular vesicles in tissue regeneration
  146. Electronic noses based on metal oxide nanowires: A review
  147. Framework materials for supercapacitors
  148. An overview on the reproductive toxicity of graphene derivatives: Highlighting the importance
  149. Antibacterial nanomaterials: Upcoming hope to overcome antibiotic resistance crisis
  150. Research progress of carbon materials in the field of three-dimensional printing polymer nanocomposites
  151. A review of atomic layer deposition modelling and simulation methodologies: Density functional theory and molecular dynamics
  152. Recent advances in the preparation of PVDF-based piezoelectric materials
  153. Recent developments in tensile properties of friction welding of carbon fiber-reinforced composite: A review
  154. Comprehensive review of the properties of fly ash-based geopolymer with additive of nano-SiO2
  155. Perspectives in biopolymer/graphene-based composite application: Advances, challenges, and recommendations
  156. Graphene-based nanocomposite using new modeling molecular dynamic simulations for proposed neutralizing mechanism and real-time sensing of COVID-19
  157. Nanotechnology application on bamboo materials: A review
  158. Recent developments and future perspectives of biorenewable nanocomposites for advanced applications
  159. Nanostructured lipid carrier system: A compendium of their formulation development approaches, optimization strategies by quality by design, and recent applications in drug delivery
  160. 3D printing customized design of human bone tissue implant and its application
  161. Design, preparation, and functionalization of nanobiomaterials for enhanced efficacy in current and future biomedical applications
  162. A brief review of nanoparticles-doped PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite for OLED and OPV
  163. Nanotechnology interventions as a putative tool for the treatment of dental afflictions
  164. Recent advancements in metal–organic frameworks integrating quantum dots (QDs@MOF) and their potential applications
  165. A focused review of short electrospun nanofiber preparation techniques for composite reinforcement
  166. Microstructural characteristics and nano-modification of interfacial transition zone in concrete: A review
  167. Latest developments in the upconversion nanotechnology for the rapid detection of food safety: A review
  168. Strategic applications of nano-fertilizers for sustainable agriculture: Benefits and bottlenecks
  169. Molecular dynamics application of cocrystal energetic materials: A review
  170. Synthesis and application of nanometer hydroxyapatite in biomedicine
  171. Cutting-edge development in waste-recycled nanomaterials for energy storage and conversion applications
  172. Biological applications of ternary quantum dots: A review
  173. Nanotherapeutics for hydrogen sulfide-involved treatment: An emerging approach for cancer therapy
  174. Application of antibacterial nanoparticles in orthodontic materials
  175. Effect of natural-based biological hydrogels combined with growth factors on skin wound healing
  176. Nanozymes – A route to overcome microbial resistance: A viewpoint
  177. Recent developments and applications of smart nanoparticles in biomedicine
  178. Contemporary review on carbon nanotube (CNT) composites and their impact on multifarious applications
  179. Interfacial interactions and reinforcing mechanisms of cellulose and chitin nanomaterials and starch derivatives for cement and concrete strength and durability enhancement: A review
  180. Diamond-like carbon films for tribological modification of rubber
  181. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) modified cement-based materials: A systematic review
  182. Recent research progress and advanced applications of silica/polymer nanocomposites
  183. Modeling of supramolecular biopolymers: Leading the in silico revolution of tissue engineering and nanomedicine
  184. Recent advances in perovskites-based optoelectronics
  185. Biogenic synthesis of palladium nanoparticles: New production methods and applications
  186. A comprehensive review of nanofluids with fractional derivatives: Modeling and application
  187. Electrospinning of marine polysaccharides: Processing and chemical aspects, challenges, and future prospects
  188. Electrohydrodynamic printing for demanding devices: A review of processing and applications
  189. Rapid Communications
  190. Structural material with designed thermal twist for a simple actuation
  191. Recent advances in photothermal materials for solar-driven crude oil adsorption
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Heruntergeladen am 2.12.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/ntrev-2022-0061/html
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