Startseite Role of Bifidobacterium spp. intake in improving depressive mood and well-being and its link to kynurenine blood level: an interventional study
Artikel
Lizenziert
Nicht lizenziert Erfordert eine Authentifizierung

Role of Bifidobacterium spp. intake in improving depressive mood and well-being and its link to kynurenine blood level: an interventional study

  • Yusr I. Kazem , Maha H. Mahmoud EMAIL logo , Hend A. Essa , Osama Azmy , Wafaa A. Kandeel , Marwa Al-Moghazy , Ibrahim El-Attar , Adel Hasheesh und Nayra S. Mehanna
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 9. November 2021
Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine
Aus der Zeitschrift Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine Band 20 Heft 1

Abstract

Objectives

Evidence for the contribution of the brain-gut-microbiota axis to the depression pathophysiology is increasing nowadays. Disturbed gut microbiota equilibrium along with bad dietary habits both lead to kynurenine pathway abnormalities contributing to the depression pathophysiology. In this respect, many studies are found but the interventional clinical trials are limited. The present interventional study aims to evaluate the impact of Bifidobacterium spp. supplementation together with improving dietary intake on depressive mood and well-being and their correlation with kynurenine blood level in adult Egyptian healthy volunteers.

Methods

A number of 98 healthy female volunteers with a mean age of 46.96 ± 1.82 years were selected and enrolled in this study. They were given yogurt enriched with Bifidobacterium spp. daily for eight weeks. Clinical examination as well as questionnaires for the evaluation of psychological well-being and depression were done at base line and after eight weeks of intervention. Fasting blood samples and stool samples were collected from all subjects at baseline and eight weeks after the intervention for the investigation of serum kynurenine concentration, blood hemoglobin, serum transaminases (ALT & AST) serum urea and creatinine as well as fecal Bifidobacterium count.

Results

Data revealed that both depression and well-being showed highly significant improvement combined with significant drop in kynurenine blood level after intervention. Also, a significant rise in fecal Bifidobacterium count and a significant improvement in hemoglobin level and activity of liver enzymes were recorded. After intervention, a significant negative correlation was recorded between depression and fecal Bifidobacterium count as well as between serum kynurenine level, and well-being.

Conclusion

Bifidobacterium spp. supplementation combined with improvement in dietary intake resulted in improvement of depressive mood and well-being and reduced kynurenine blood level.

Keywords: Bifidobacterium spp.; brain-gut-microbiota axis; depression; kynurenine; well-being
Corresponding author: Maha H. Mahmoud, Prof. of Biochemistry & Nutrition, Nutrition & Food Sciences Department, Institute of Food Industries and Nutrition, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St., P.O. 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt, Phone: +01064568707, E-mail:

  1. Author contributions: Prof. Yusr Kazem; proposed the idea and design for this work, handled the clinical work, evaluations and follow up of the volunteers and wrote this manuscript. Prof. Maha Hanafy Mahmoud: shared in subjects follow up, collecting the blood and fecal samples, carried out the statistical analysis, responsible for editing and revising this manuscript. Dr. Hend A. Essa; Responsible for laboratory investigation, biochemical analysis, collecting dietary habits data and shared in subjects follow up Prof. Osama Azmy; Supported and helped the foundation of the outpatient clinic in which this work was done. Prof. Wafaa Kandeel: Shared in the idea of the study. Dr. Marwa Al-Moghazy: preparation of the yogurt enriched with probiotic and enumeration of the Bifidobacterium spp in the product, sharing in its molecular detection in stool samples. Prof. Adel Hashish; molecular detection and counting of Bifidobacterium spp. in stool samples. Dr. Ibrahim El-Attar shared in data collecting, editing and revising this manuscript. Prof. Nayra Shaker Mehanna; shared in proposing the idea and the design for this work, supervised the preparation of the yogurt enriched with probiotic, shared in molecular detection of Bifidobacterium spp. in stool samples.

  2. Competing interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

References

1. Du, Y, Gao, XR, Peng, L, Ge, JF. Crosstalk between the microbiota-gut-brain axis and depression. Heliyon 2020;6:e04097. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04097.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

2. Gilman, SE, Sucha, E, Kingsbury, M, Horton, NJ, Murphy, JM, Colman, I. Depression and mortality in a longitudinal study: 1952–2011. Can Med Assoc J 2017;189:E1304–10. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.170125.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

3. Fouad, S, El Shebini, SM, Abdel-Moaty, M, Ahmed, NH, Hussein, AMS, Essa, HA, et al.. Menopause anxiety and depression; how food can help? Open access. Macedonian J Med Sci 2021;9:64–71. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5555.Suche in Google Scholar

4. World Health Organization (WHO). Mental health: suicide prevention; 2014. Available from: http://www.who.Int/mental_he alth/suicide-prevention/en/.Suche in Google Scholar

5. Yrondia, A, Vaivaa, G, Walter, M, Amato, TD, Bellivieret, F, Bennabi, D, et al.. Childhood trauma increases suicidal behaviour in a treatment-resistant depression population: a FACE-DR report. J Psychiatr Res 2021;135:20–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.055.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

6. Bennabi, D, Charpeaud, T, Yrondi, A, Genty, J-B, Destouches, S, Lancrenon, S, et al.. Clinical guidelines for the management of treatment-resistant depression: French recommendations from experts, the French Association for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology and the fondation FondaMental. BMC Psychiatr 2019;19:262. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2237-x.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

7. Peng, W, Jia, Z, Gong, Q. Current progress in neuroimaging research on treatment resistant depression. J Biomed Eng 2018;35:794–8. https://doi.org/10.7507/1001-5515.201705086.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

8. Kazemi, A, Noorbal, AA, Azam, K, Eskandari, MH, Djafarian, K. Effect of probiotic and prebiotic vs. placebo on psychological outcomes in patients with major depressive disorder: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Nutr 2019;38:522–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2018.04.010.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

9. Grochowska, M, Wojnar, M, Radkowski, M. The gut microbiota in neuropsychiatric disorders. Acta Neurobiol Exp 2018;78:69–81. https://doi.org/10.21307/ane-2018-008.Suche in Google Scholar

10. Evrensel, A, Tarhan, KN. Emerging role of gut-microbiota-brain axis in depression and therapeutic implication. Prog Neuro Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatr 2021;106:110138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110138.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

11. Mayer, EA, Tillisch, K, Gupta, A. Gut/brain axis and the microbiota. J Clin Invest 2015;125:926–38. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci76304.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

12. Jiang, H, Ling, Z, Zhang, Y. Altered fecal microbiota composition in patients with major depressive disorder. Brain Behav Immun 2015;48:186–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2015.03.016.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

13. Zheng, P, Zeng, B, Zhou, C. Gut microbiome remodeling induces depressive-like behaviors through a pathway mediated by the host’s metabolism. Mol Psychiatr 2016;21:786. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2016.44.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

14. Diamond, B, Huerta, PT, Tracey, K, Volpe, BT. It takes guts to grow a brain: increasing evidence of the important role of the intestinal microflora in neuro- and immune-modulatory functions during development and adulthood. Bioessays 2011;33:588–91. https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.201100042.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

15. Johnson, KVA. Gut microbiome composition and diversity are related to human personality traits. Hum Microbiome J 2020;15:100069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humic.2019.100069.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

16. Rinninella, E, Cintoni, M, Raoul, P, Lopetuso, LR, Scaldaferri, F, Pulcini, G, et al.. Food components and dietary habits: keys for a healthy gut microbiota composition. Nutrients 2019;11:2393. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102393.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

17. El-Shobaki, FA, Wahba, HMA, Mahmoud, MH, Kazem, YI, Badawy, IH, Zahran, AS. Formulation and evaluation of an adaptogenic formula to improve performance of athletes practicing anaerobic exercises. J Biol Sci 2018;18:231–42. https://doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2018.231.242.Suche in Google Scholar

18. De Filippo, C, Cavalieri, D, Di Paola, M. Impact of diet in shaping gut microbiota revealed by a comparative study in children from Europe and rural Africa. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2010;107:14691–6. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1005963107.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

19. Firth, J, Gangwisch, JE, Borisini, A, Wootton, RE, Mayer, EA. Food and mood: how do diet and nutrition affect mental wellbeing? BMJ 2020;369:2382. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m2382.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

20. Dinan, TG, Stanton, C, Cryan, JF. Psychobiotics: a novel class of psychotropic. Biol Psychiatr 2013;74:720–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.05.001.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

21. Sarkar, A, Lehto, SM, Harty, S, Dinan, TG, Cryan, JF, Burnet, PWJ. Psychobiotics and the manipulation of bacteria-gut-brain signals. Trends Neurosci 2016;39:763–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2016.09.002.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

22. Bambury, A, Sandhu, K, Cryan, JF, Dinan, TG. Finding the needle in the haystack: systematic identification of psychobiotics. Br J Pharmacol 2018;175:4430–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.14127.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

23. O’Mahony, SM, Clarke, G, Borre, YE, Dinan, TG, Cryan, JF. Serotonin, tryptophan metabolism and the brain-gut-microbiome axis. Behav Brain Res 2015;277:32–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2014.07.027.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

24. Martínez-González, MA, Sánchez-Villegas, A. Food patterns and the prevention of depression. Proc Nutr Soc 2016;75:139–46. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0029665116000045.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

25. Desbonnet, L, Garrett, L, Clarke, G, Bienenstock, J, Dinan, TG. The probiotic Bifidobacteria infantis: an assessment of potential antidepressant properties in the rat. J Psychiatr Res 2008;43:164–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.03.009.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

26. Aizawa, E, Tsuji, H, Asahara, T, Takahashi, T, Teraishi, T, Yoshida, S, et al.. Possible association of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the gut microbiota of patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2016;202:254–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.05.038.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

27. Tyagi, P, Tasleem, M, Prakash, S, Chouhan, G. Intermingling of gut microbiota with brain: exploring the role of probiotics in battle against depressive disorders. Food Res Int 2020;137:109489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109489.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

28. Waclawiková, B, El Aidy, S. Role of microbiota and tryptophan metabolites in the remote effect of intestinal inflammation on brain and depression. Pharmaceuticals 2018;11:63. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph11030063.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

29. Liu, H, Ding, L, Zhang, H, Mellor, D, Wu, H, Zhao, D. The metabolic factor kynurenic acid of kynurenine pathway predicts major depressive disorder. Front Psychiatr 2018;9:552. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00552.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

30. Beck, AT, Ward, CH, Mendelson, M, Mock, J, Erbaugh, J. An interventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4:561–71.10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

31. Van Kampen, EJ, Zijlstra, WG. Standardization of hemoglobinometry II. The hemiglobincyanide method. Clin Chim Acta 1961;6:538–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-8981(61)90145-0.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

32. Henry, R, Chiamori, M, Golub, O, Berkman, S. Revised spectrophotometric methods for the determination of glutamate oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvate transaminase and lactic acid dehydrogenase. Am J Clin Pathol 1960;34:381–98. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/34.4_ts.381.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

33. Fawcett, JK, Scott, JE. A rapid and precise method for the determination of urea. J Clin Pathol 1960;13:156–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.13.2.156.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

34. Murray, RL. Creatinine. In: Kaplan, LA, Pesce, AJ, editors. Clinical chemistry, theory, analysis and correlation. St. Louis: CV Mosby Co.; 1984:1247–53 pp.Suche in Google Scholar

35. Matsuki, T, Watanabe, K, Fujimoto, J, Miyamoto, Y, Takada, T, Matsumoto, K, et al.. Development of 16S rRNA-gene-targeted group-specific primers for the detection and identification of predominant bacteria in human feces. Appl Environ Microbiol 2002;68:5445–51. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.11.5445-5451.2002.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

36. Evrensel, A, Önen Ünsalver, B, Ceylan, ME. Therapeutic potential of the microbiome in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Med Sci (Basel) 2019a;7:21. https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci7020021.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

37. Evrensel, A, Ünsalver, BÖ, Ceylan, ME. Psychobiotics. Adv Exp Med Biol 2019b;1192:565–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9721-0_28.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

38. Tian, P, O’Riordan, KJ, Lee, Y, Wang, G, Zhao, J, Zhang, H, et al.. Towards a psychobiotic therapy for depression: Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1025 reverses chronic stress-induced depressive symptoms and gut microbial abnormalities in mice. Neurobiol Stress 2020;12:100216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2020.100216.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

39. Messaoudi, M, Lalonde, R, Violle, N, Javelot, H, Desor, D, Nejdi, A, et al.. Assessment of psychotropic-like properties of a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) in rats and human subjects. Br J Nutr 2011;105:755–64. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114510004319.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

40. Desbonnet, L, Garrett, L, Clarke, G, Kiely, B, Cryan, JF, Dinan, TG. Effects of the probiotic Bifidobacterium infantis in the maternal separation model of depression. Neuroscience 2010;170:1179–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.08.005.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

41. Yankelevitch-Yahav, R, Franko, M, Huly, A, Doron, R. The forced swim test as a model of depressive-like behavior. J Vis Exp 2015;97:e52587. https://doi.org/10.3791/52587.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

42. Rudzki, L, Ostrowskab, L, Pawlak, D, Małus, A, Pawlak, K, Waszkiewicz, N, et al.. Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum 299v decreases kynurenine concentration and improves cognitive functions in patients with major depression: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019;100:213–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.10.010.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

43. Mangell, P, Nejdfors, P, Wang, M, Ahrne, S, Westrom, B, Thorlacius, H, et al.. Lactobacillus plantarum 299v inhibits Escherichia coli-induced intestinal permeability. Dig Dis Sci 2002;47:511–6. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1017947531536.10.1023/A:1017947531536Suche in Google Scholar

44. Schultz, M, Veltkamp, C, Dieleman, LA, Grenther, WB, Wyrick, PB, Tonkonogy, SL, et al.. Lactobacillus plantarum 299V in the treatment and prevention of spontaneous colitis in interleukin-10-deficient mice. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2002;8:71–80. https://doi.org/10.1097/00054725-200203000-00001.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

45. White, JS, Hoper, M, Parks, RW, Clements, WDB, Diamond, T, Bengmark, S. The probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum species 299 reduces intestinal permeability in experimental biliary obstruction. Lett Appl Microbiol 2006;42:19–23. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.2005.01800.x.Suche in Google Scholar

46. Johansson, ML, Nobaek, S, Berggren, A, Nyman, M, Björck, I, Ahrné, S, et al.. Survival of Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 9843 (299v), and effect on the short-chain fatty acid content of faeces after ingestion of a rose-hip drink with fermented oats. Int J Food Microbiol 1998;42:29–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1605(98)00055-5.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

47. Troché, G, Henry-Lagarrigue, M, Soppelsa, F, Legriel, S, Yehia, A, Bruneel, F, et al.. Tryptophan pathway catabolites (serotonin, 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid, kynurenine) and enzymes (monoamine oxidase and indole amine 2,3 dioxygenase) in patients with septic shock: a prospective observational study vs. healthy controls. Medicine (Baltim) 2020;99:e19906. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000019906.Suche in Google Scholar

48. Myint, AM, Kim, YK, Verkerk, R, Scharpe, S, Steinbusch, H, Leonard, B. Kynurenine pathway in major depression: evidence of impaired neuroprotection. J Affect Disord 2007;98:143–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2006.07.013.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

49. Graf, D, Di Cagno, R, Fåk, F, Flint, HJ. Contribution of diet to the composition of the human gut microbiota. Microb Ecol Health Dis 2015;26:26164. https://doi.org/10.3402/mehd.v26.26164.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

50. Owen, L, Corfe, B. The role of diet and nutrition on mental health and wellbeing. Proc Nutr Soc 2017;76:425–6. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0029665117001057.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

51. Sarris, J, Logan, AC, Akbaraly, TN, Amminger, GP, Balanzá-Martínez, V, Freeman, MP, et al.. Nutritional medicine as mainstream in psychiatry. Lancet Psychiatr 2015;2:271–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(14)00051-0.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

52. Koopman, M, El Aidy, S. Depressed gut? The microbiota-diet-inflammation trialogue in depression. Curr Opin Psychiatr 2017;30:369–77. https://doi.org/10.1097/yco.0000000000000350.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

Received: 2021-08-08
Accepted: 2021-10-23
Published Online: 2021-11-09

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Does acupuncture improve sexual dysfunction? A systematic review
  4. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease – discussed under the light of Unani medicine
  5. Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Celastrus paniculatus Wild.: a nootropic drug
  6. Low back pain patients’ perceived effectiveness of utilizing complementary and alternative medicine: a systematic review of qualitative studies
  7. Efficacy and tolerability of Lavandula angustifolia in treating patients with the diagnosis of depression: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
  8. Research Articles
  9. Psychobiotic interventions attenuate chronic alcohol use-mediated exacerbation of posttraumatic stress disorder in rats: the role of gut-liver axis response
  10. Evaluation of the toxicity of crude aqueous Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Singer extract in mice
  11. Effects of crude methanol extract of Adansonia digitata fruit pulp on Naja nigricollis venom-induce toxicity in Wistar rats
  12. Integrative medicine approaches to chronic depression: case studies of the recovery process with a three-step path to recovery and significant cure
  13. Antimicrobial, anti-adhesion, anti-biofilm properties of goji berry (Lycium barbarum) against periodontal bacteria: potential benefits for periodontal diseases
  14. Method development and validation for quantification of six bioactive compounds (andrographolide, columbin, piperine, gallic, paracoumaric and oleanolic acids) by HPTLC
  15. Gallic acid a flavonoid isolated from Euphorbia hirta antagonizes gamma radiation induced radiotoxicity in lymphocytes in vitro
  16. Naturopathic knowledge and approaches to managing endometriosis: a cross-sectional survey of naturopaths with experience in endometriosis care
  17. Halimeda gracilis (Kadarpassi chooranam) Phytochemical analysis and biological significance – a novel Siddha drug
  18. Trends in the St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) research literature: a bibliometric analysis
  19. Use and perception of complementary and alternative medicine among Iranian psychologists
  20. Innovative histological and histochemical characterization of tongue biopsies from patients with burning mouth syndrome
  21. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial to evaluate the effect of EstroSense® on 2-hydroxyestrone:16α-hydroxyestrone ratio in premenopausal women
  22. Comparing the influence of foot reflexology and fasting mimicking diet on quality of life and sleep quality in obesity hypoventilation syndrome
  23. The effects of Cynodon dactylon (Poaceae family) and Dolichos biflorus (Fabaceae family) extracts on decreasing size and excretion of kidney and urinary tract stones: a randomized, double-blind controlled trial
  24. Role of Bifidobacterium spp. intake in improving depressive mood and well-being and its link to kynurenine blood level: an interventional study
  25. A randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate safety and efficacy of a Unani formulation in the management of Kalaf (Melasma)
  26. Impact of yoga and physical exercise on psychological wellbeing among substance abusers: a randomized controlled trial
  27. A non-inferiority randomized controlled clinical trial comparing Unani formulations and PUVAsol in non-segmental vitiligo
  28. Efficacy of individualized homeopathic medicines in primary dysmenorrhea: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial
  29. A comparative study of chemical constituents and safety of Thai herbal medicated oil formula and traditional medicated oil
  30. Efficacy of Ayurvedic treatment protocol in gouty arthritis – a clinical study
  31. Knowledge, attitude and perception of complementary and alternative system of medicine in Tamilnadu and Pudhucherry, South India
  32. Discussion Forum
  33. Time to say good-bye? Homeopathy, skeptics and thoughts on how to proceed
  34. Congress Abstracts
  35. 2022 INCAM Research Symposium
https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2021-0351
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Bifidobacterium spp.; brain-gut-microbiota axis; depression; kynurenine; well-being

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Does acupuncture improve sexual dysfunction? A systematic review
  4. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease – discussed under the light of Unani medicine
  5. Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Celastrus paniculatus Wild.: a nootropic drug
  6. Low back pain patients’ perceived effectiveness of utilizing complementary and alternative medicine: a systematic review of qualitative studies
  7. Efficacy and tolerability of Lavandula angustifolia in treating patients with the diagnosis of depression: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
  8. Research Articles
  9. Psychobiotic interventions attenuate chronic alcohol use-mediated exacerbation of posttraumatic stress disorder in rats: the role of gut-liver axis response
  10. Evaluation of the toxicity of crude aqueous Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Singer extract in mice
  11. Effects of crude methanol extract of Adansonia digitata fruit pulp on Naja nigricollis venom-induce toxicity in Wistar rats
  12. Integrative medicine approaches to chronic depression: case studies of the recovery process with a three-step path to recovery and significant cure
  13. Antimicrobial, anti-adhesion, anti-biofilm properties of goji berry (Lycium barbarum) against periodontal bacteria: potential benefits for periodontal diseases
  14. Method development and validation for quantification of six bioactive compounds (andrographolide, columbin, piperine, gallic, paracoumaric and oleanolic acids) by HPTLC
  15. Gallic acid a flavonoid isolated from Euphorbia hirta antagonizes gamma radiation induced radiotoxicity in lymphocytes in vitro
  16. Naturopathic knowledge and approaches to managing endometriosis: a cross-sectional survey of naturopaths with experience in endometriosis care
  17. Halimeda gracilis (Kadarpassi chooranam) Phytochemical analysis and biological significance – a novel Siddha drug
  18. Trends in the St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) research literature: a bibliometric analysis
  19. Use and perception of complementary and alternative medicine among Iranian psychologists
  20. Innovative histological and histochemical characterization of tongue biopsies from patients with burning mouth syndrome
  21. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial to evaluate the effect of EstroSense® on 2-hydroxyestrone:16α-hydroxyestrone ratio in premenopausal women
  22. Comparing the influence of foot reflexology and fasting mimicking diet on quality of life and sleep quality in obesity hypoventilation syndrome
  23. The effects of Cynodon dactylon (Poaceae family) and Dolichos biflorus (Fabaceae family) extracts on decreasing size and excretion of kidney and urinary tract stones: a randomized, double-blind controlled trial
  24. Role of Bifidobacterium spp. intake in improving depressive mood and well-being and its link to kynurenine blood level: an interventional study
  25. A randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate safety and efficacy of a Unani formulation in the management of Kalaf (Melasma)
  26. Impact of yoga and physical exercise on psychological wellbeing among substance abusers: a randomized controlled trial
  27. A non-inferiority randomized controlled clinical trial comparing Unani formulations and PUVAsol in non-segmental vitiligo
  28. Efficacy of individualized homeopathic medicines in primary dysmenorrhea: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial
  29. A comparative study of chemical constituents and safety of Thai herbal medicated oil formula and traditional medicated oil
  30. Efficacy of Ayurvedic treatment protocol in gouty arthritis – a clinical study
  31. Knowledge, attitude and perception of complementary and alternative system of medicine in Tamilnadu and Pudhucherry, South India
  32. Discussion Forum
  33. Time to say good-bye? Homeopathy, skeptics and thoughts on how to proceed
  34. Congress Abstracts
  35. 2022 INCAM Research Symposium
Jetzt anmelden und 20% sparen
Institutioneller Zugang
Wie funktioniert Authentifizierung?
Haben Sie eine Idee, wie wir unsere Website verbessern können?
Bitte schreiben Sie uns.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Heruntergeladen am 2.12.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/jcim-2021-0351/html
Button zum nach oben scrollen