Abstract
Egg is a complete food package. Importance and quality of this sealed food package rely on its invulnerability to external contaminants. Therefore, eggshell with no cracks and high resistance against loads during transportation, packaging, and so on is recommended. There are two methods for measurement of shell resistance: destructive and nondestructive methods. Modeling and simulation of eggshell by computer and finite element software (FEM) is one of the nondestructive methods which was used in this study to measure eggshell resistance. ANSYS 10 software was utilized to perform finite element analysis. In destructive testing of 90 hen eggs, the average eggshell rupture force was determined to be 22.7 N at 0.144 mm displacement when applying parallel plate force. Results of the finite element analysis showed that for 0.144 mm displacement, the estimated rupture force was 21.7 N. Results of FE analysis showed that maximum stress and displacement occurred at the point of application of the force interface with the supports and at the equator. Stress value at failure point was 14.307 MPa for the first principal stress, 8.75 MPa for the second and –0.028 MPa for the third principal stress by finite element method.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by the Ramin Agriculture and Natural resources university of Khuzestan.
References
1. Abdanan Mehdizadeh S, Minaei S, Karimi Torshizi MA, Mohajerani E. Effect of UV irradiation, sample thickness and storage temperature on storability, bacterial activity and functional properties of liquid egg. Int J Food Technol 2015;52(7):4414–22.10.1007/s13197-014-1509-1Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
2. Solomon SE. Egg and eggshell qua and v. London: Wolfe Publishing Ltd, 1991.Suche in Google Scholar
3. Abdanan Mehdizadeh S, Minaei S, Hancock NH, Karimi Torshizi MA. An intelligent system for egg quality classification based on visible-infrared transmittance spectroscopy. Inform Process Agric 2014;1:105–14.10.1016/j.inpa.2014.10.002Suche in Google Scholar
4. Karoui R, Nicolaï B, De Baerdemaeker J. Monitoring the egg freshness during storage under modified atmosphere by fluorescence spectroscopy. Food Bioprocess Technol 2008;1(4):346–56.10.1007/s11947-007-0011-4Suche in Google Scholar
5. Coucke P, Jacobs G, Sas P, Baerdemaeker JD. Comparative analysis of the static and dynamic mechanical eggshell behaviour of a chicken egg. Proceedings of the 12th International Modal Analysis Conference, 1999; pp. 1258–1263Suche in Google Scholar
6. Perianu C, De Ketelaere B, Pluymers B, Desmet W, DeBaerdemaeker J, Decuypere E. Finite element approach for simulating the dynamic mechanical behaviour of a chicken egg. Biosyst Eng 2010;106:79–85.10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2010.03.001Suche in Google Scholar
7. Rehkugler GE. Modulus of elasticity and ultimate strength of the hen’s eggshell. J Agric Eng Res 1963;8:352–4.Suche in Google Scholar
8. Lin J, Puri VM, Anantheswaran RC. Measurement of eggshell thermal – mechanical properties. Trans ASAE 1995;38:1769–76.10.13031/2013.28004Suche in Google Scholar
9. Tumg MA, Staley LM, Hunt JR. Estimation of the Young’s modulus and failure stresses in the hen’s eggshells. Canadian Agric Eng 1969;11:3–5.Suche in Google Scholar
10. Altuntas E, Sekeroglu A. Effect of egg shape index on mechanical properties of chicken eggs. J Food Eng 2008;85:606–12.10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2007.08.022Suche in Google Scholar
11. Manceau JR, Henderson JM. Physical properties of eggshells. Trans ASAE 1970;13:436–42.10.13031/2013.38629Suche in Google Scholar
12. Bain M. A reinterpretation of eggshell strength. In: Solomon SE, editor. Eggs quality. London: Manson Publishing Ltd, 1997:131–42.Suche in Google Scholar
13. Eantwistle KM, Reddy TY. The fracture strength under internal pressure of the eggshell of the domestic fowl. Proc R Soc London B 1996;263:433–8.10.1098/rspb.1996.0065Suche in Google Scholar
14. Buchar J, Simeonovova J. On the identification of the eggshell elastic properties under quasistatic compression. In: 19th CAD – FEM USERS MEETING 2001-International Congress on FEM Technology, 2001.Suche in Google Scholar
15. Chen MF, Wang YH, Hsiao WT. Finite element analysis and verification of laser marking on eggshell. J Mater Process Technol 2009;209(1):470–6.10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.02.065Suche in Google Scholar
16. Lai M, Rubin D, Krempl E. Introduction to continuum mechanics, 3rd ed. England: Elsevier Science Publishers, 1996.Suche in Google Scholar
17. Mohsenin NN. Physical properties of plant and animal materials. New York, NY: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 1978.Suche in Google Scholar
18. Voisey PW, Hunt JR. Measurement of eggshell strength. J Texture Stud 1974;5:135–82.10.1111/j.1745-4603.1974.tb01099.xSuche in Google Scholar
19. Ar A, Rahn H. Water in the avian egg: overall budget of incubation. Am Zool 1980;20:373–84.10.1093/icb/20.2.373Suche in Google Scholar
20. Simeonovova J, Buchar J. Egg behavior under low velocity impact. Acta Univer Agric Silver Cultural Medline Brunensis 2001;49(5):89–100.Suche in Google Scholar
21. Deng X, Wang Q, Chen H, Xie H. Eggshell crack detection using a wavelet-based support vector machine. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 2010;70:135–43.10.1016/j.compag.2009.09.016Suche in Google Scholar
22. Abdanan Mehdizadeh S. Eggshell crack detection using PCA and SVM. J food sci and technol, 2015;13(56):143–53 (In Farsi).Suche in Google Scholar
©2016 by De Gruyter
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Kinetic Study of Adsorption of Pigments and Oxidation Products in the Bleaching of Rice Bran Oil
- On the Use of Conventional Dough Extension Tests in Characterising Flours for Dough Sheetability. I. Experiments
- On the Use of Conventional Dough Extension Tests in Characterising Flours for Dough Sheetability. II. Simulations
- Increasing Protease Activities and Antioxidant Properties of Koji for Soy Sauce Brewing by Adding a Medicinal Herb Rhodiola rosea
- Preparing Allicin Nanocapsules and Determining the Factors Controlling Their Particle Size through Artificial Intelligence
- Dehydration of Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) Slices Using Heat Pipe Combined with Impingement Technology
- Influence of Black Mulberry Juice Addition and Spray Drying Conditions on Some Physical Properties of Ice Cream Powder
- Experimental and Numerical Analysis for Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Eggshell
- Temperature-Oriented Pyrolysis on the Decomposition Characteristics of Chlorella pyrenoidosa
- Effect of Encapsulated Bitter Orange Peel Extract and BHT on the Quality of Common Carp Fillet during Refrigerated Storage
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Kinetic Study of Adsorption of Pigments and Oxidation Products in the Bleaching of Rice Bran Oil
- On the Use of Conventional Dough Extension Tests in Characterising Flours for Dough Sheetability. I. Experiments
- On the Use of Conventional Dough Extension Tests in Characterising Flours for Dough Sheetability. II. Simulations
- Increasing Protease Activities and Antioxidant Properties of Koji for Soy Sauce Brewing by Adding a Medicinal Herb Rhodiola rosea
- Preparing Allicin Nanocapsules and Determining the Factors Controlling Their Particle Size through Artificial Intelligence
- Dehydration of Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) Slices Using Heat Pipe Combined with Impingement Technology
- Influence of Black Mulberry Juice Addition and Spray Drying Conditions on Some Physical Properties of Ice Cream Powder
- Experimental and Numerical Analysis for Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Eggshell
- Temperature-Oriented Pyrolysis on the Decomposition Characteristics of Chlorella pyrenoidosa
- Effect of Encapsulated Bitter Orange Peel Extract and BHT on the Quality of Common Carp Fillet during Refrigerated Storage